Milićević Dragan R, Spirić Danka, Radičević Tatjana, Velebit Branko, Stefanović Srdjan, Milojević Lazar, Janković Saša
a Adviser to Director for Scientific Research , Institute of Meat Hygiene and Technology , Belgrade , Serbia .
b Department for Testing Residues , Institute of Meat Hygiene and Technology , Belgrade , Serbia.
Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess. 2017 Sep;34(9):1617-1631. doi: 10.1080/19440049.2017.1363414. Epub 2017 Aug 17.
The aim of this systematic review is to provide information regarding the incidence and levels of aflatoxin M (AFM) in raw and heat processed cow's milk in Serbia during 2015-16 and to compare these with collected data on the occurrence of AFM in raw milk and dairy products during the last decade in our region. Estimation of dietary exposure (EDI) and hazard index (HI) calculations for different age groups of the population were also carried out, based on the AFM content of milk samples and on available food consumption data in Serbia. AFM was detected in 69.9% (984/1408) of raw milk samples in 2015 versus 84.9% (3094/3646) in 2016, while in heat-processed milk, AFM was detected in 77.8% (364/468) in 2015 versus 98.5% (753/765) in 2016. On the basis of the obtained results, 450 (9%) of raw and 14 (1.1%) of heat-processed milk samples were contaminated with AFM levels above the maximum permitted level in Serbia (0.25 μg kg). However, a large percentage of raw and heat processed milk in Serbia (30.1% and 17.3%, respectively) was contaminated with AFM levels above the maximum permitted level regulated in the European Union (0.05 μg kg). Therefore, in order to protect consumer health, it is extremely important to further control the level of aflatoxins in milk, and this should be considered as a high priority for risk management actions.
本系统评价的目的是提供2015 - 2016年塞尔维亚生牛奶和热处理牛奶中黄曲霉毒素M（AFM）的发生率和含量信息，并将这些信息与本地区过去十年收集的生牛奶和乳制品中AFM的发生数据进行比较。还根据牛奶样本中的AFM含量以及塞尔维亚现有的食物消费数据，对不同年龄组人群进行了膳食暴露估计（EDI）和危害指数（HI）计算。2015年，69.9%（984/1408）的生牛奶样本检测出AFM，而2016年这一比例为84.9%（3094/3646）；在热处理牛奶中，2015年AFM的检出率为77.8%（364/468），2016年为98.5%（753/765）。根据所得结果，450份（9%）生牛奶样本和14份（1.1%）热处理牛奶样本的AFM含量超过了塞尔维亚的最大允许水平（0.25μg/kg）。然而，塞尔维亚很大比例的生牛奶和热处理牛奶（分别为30.1%和17.3%）的AFM含量超过了欧盟规定的最大允许水平（0.05μg/kg）。因此，为保护消费者健康，进一步控制牛奶中的黄曲霉毒素水平极为重要，这应被视为风险管理行动的高度优先事项。
