Lahori Altaf Hussain, Zhang Zengqiang, Guo Zhanyu, Li Ronghua, Mahar Amanullah, Awasthi Mukesh Kumar, Wang Ping, Shen Feng, Kumbhar Farhana, Sial Tanveer Ali, Zhao Junchao, Guo Di
College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China.
College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2017 Nov;145:528-538. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.07.071. Epub 2017 Aug 5.
The efficacy of tobacco biochar (TB) alone and in combined with mineral additives: Ca-hydroxide (CH), Ca-bentonite (CB) and natural zeolite (NZ), on immobilization of Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn, via reduce its (bio) availability to plants were investigated. The soils were collected from Tongguan contaminated (TG-C), Fengxian heavily contaminated (FX-HC) and Fengxian lightly contaminated (FX-LC) fields, Shaanxi province, China. The contaminated top soils were treated with low-cost amendments with an application rate of 1% and cultivated by Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L.) under greenhouse condition. Results showed that the all amendments (p < 0.05) potentially maximum reduced the DTPA-extractable Pb 82.53, Cd 31.52 and Cu 75.0% with TB + NZ in FX-LC soil, while in case of Zn 62.21% with TB + CH in FX-HC soil than control. The addition of amendments clearly increased dry biomass of Brassica campestris L. as compared with un-amended treatment (except TB + CH). Furthermore, these amendments markedly increased the uptake by plant shoot viz, Cd 10.51% with TB alone and 11.51% with TB + CB in FX-HC soil, similarly in FX-LC Cd increased 5.15% with TB + CH and 22.19% with TB + NZ, respectively. In same trend the Cu uptake in plant shoot was 19.30% with TB + CH in TG-C, whereas 43.90 TB + CH and 19.24% with TB + NZ in FX-LC soil. On the other hand as compared to control Cu accumulation in plant root was observed by TB, TB + CH and TB + CB treatments, while maximum uptake was 62.41% with TB + CH in TG-C soil. Consequently, except TB + CH treatment the chlorophyll content potentially increased in all amendment than control treatment, because of changes in soil EC, pH but increased CEC values after application of amendments. The results of this pot experiment are promising but they will further need to be confirmed with long-term field experiments.
研究了烟草生物炭（TB）单独以及与矿物添加剂：氢氧化钙（CH）、钙基膨润土（CB）和天然沸石（NZ）联合使用，通过降低铅、镉、铜和锌对植物的（生物）有效性来固定这些金属的效果。土壤取自中国陕西省潼关污染区（TG-C）、凤县重度污染区（FX-HC）和凤县轻度污染区（FX-LC）的农田。对污染的表层土壤施用1%的低成本改良剂进行处理，并在温室条件下种植白菜（Brassica campestris L.）。结果表明，所有改良剂（p < 0.05）都有可能最大程度地降低DTPA可提取态铅，在FX-LC土壤中，TB + NZ组合可降低82.53%，镉降低31.52%，铜降低75.0%；而在FX-HC土壤中，TB + CH组合对锌的降低率为62.21%，均高于对照。与未改良处理相比（TB + CH除外），添加改良剂明显增加了白菜的干生物量。此外，这些改良剂显著增加了植物地上部对金属的吸收，例如在FX-HC土壤中，单独使用TB时镉的吸收增加10.51%，TB + CB组合时增加11.51%；同样在FX-LC土壤中，TB + CH组合使镉的吸收增加5.15%，TB + NZ组合增加22.19%。以同样的趋势，在TG-C土壤中，TB + CH组合使植物地上部对铜的吸收为19.30%，而在FX-LC土壤中，TB + CH组合为43.90%，TB + NZ组合为19.24%。另一方面，与对照相比，TB、TB + CH和TB + CB处理使植物根部出现了铜积累，在TG-C土壤中，TB + CH组合的最大吸收量为62.41%。因此，除了TB + CH处理外，所有改良剂处理下的叶绿素含量均比对照处理有潜在增加，这是由于土壤电导率、pH值的变化以及施用改良剂后阳离子交换量增加所致。该盆栽试验结果很有前景，但还需要通过长期田间试验进一步验证。
