College of Natural Resources & Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, People's Republic of China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 Dec;27(35):43428-43438. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-07805-5. Epub 2020 Feb 3.
Soil potentially toxic metals (PTMs) pollution caused by anthropogenic activities has become serious concern with respect to the crop safety production. In this study, an emerging biochar derived from kiwi pruning branches waste was employed as amendment aiming to evaluate its remediation potential on smelter- and mining-contaminated soils. The effect of biochar on the soil physicochemical properties, leachability, and chemical fractions acted on stabilization practice of PTMs in soil was investigated. The results showed that the addition of biochar increased the soil pH, cation exchange capacity, organic matter, and enzymatic activities (dehydrogenase, urease, and sucrase) but reduced the extraction toxicity of PTMs in both smelter (Fengxian, FX) and mining (Tongguan, TG) soils. The fraction analysis showed that the maximum reduction of exchangeable fraction of Cd, Zn, and Pb in the 4% biochar amended soils decreased by 11.1, 13.3, and 24.7% in FX soil and 7.67, 22.8, and 7.89% in TG soil, respectively, in comparison with to control (no biochar added). Additionally, the residual fraction of Cd, Zn, and Pb increased by 55.9, 7.14, and 11.0% in FX soil and 23.7, 5.86, and 10.0% in TG soil, respectively. The further greenhouse experiment showed that the Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) production increased with the increasing application dosages of biochar, while the PTMs uptakes in plant notably decreased after amendments. Conversion of kiwi pruning branches waste into emerging biochar benefits the agricultural waste recycling utilization and enhances PTMs-contaminated soil remediation in practice. Graphical abstract.
人为活动导致的土壤潜在有毒金属（PTMs）污染已成为关注焦点，因为这会危及作物安全生产。在这项研究中，我们采用一种新兴的猕猴桃修剪枝生物炭作为改良剂，旨在评估其对冶炼厂和矿山污染土壤的修复潜力。研究考察了生物炭对土壤理化性质、浸出性和化学形态的影响，及其对土壤中 PTMs 稳定化实践的作用。结果表明，添加生物炭可提高土壤 pH 值、阳离子交换量、有机质和酶活性（脱氢酶、脲酶和蔗糖酶），但降低了冶炼厂（奉贤，FX）和矿山（潼关，TG）土壤中 PTMs 的提取毒性。形态分析表明，与对照（未添加生物炭）相比，添加 4%生物炭可使 FX 土壤中 Cd、Zn 和 Pb 的可交换态分别减少 11.1%、13.3%和 24.7%，TG 土壤中分别减少 7.67%、22.8%和 7.89%。此外，Cd、Zn 和 Pb 的残渣态分别增加了 55.9%、7.14%和 11.0%，在 TG 土壤中分别增加了 23.7%、5.86%和 10.0%。进一步的温室试验表明，随着生物炭施用量的增加，芥菜（Brassica juncea）的产量增加，而经改良后植物对 PTMs 的吸收显著减少。将猕猴桃修剪枝废物转化为新兴生物炭有利于农业废物的循环利用，并增强了实践中 PTMs 污染土壤的修复效果。图摘要。
