Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2017;2017:8439098. doi: 10.1155/2017/8439098. Epub 2017 Jul 16.
The present work was designed to investigate the effect of palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) on human skin malignant melanoma (A375) cells, for example, induction of apoptosis, cytotoxicity, and DNA damage. Diseases resulting from dermal exposure may have a significant impact on human health. There is a little study that has been reported on the toxic potential of PdNPs on A375. Cytotoxic potential of PdNPs (0, 5, 10, 20, and 40 g/ml) was measured by tetrazolium bromide (MTT assay) and NRU assay in A375 cells. PdNPs elicited concentration and time-dependent cytotoxicity, and longer exposure period induced more cytotoxicity as measured by MTT and NRU assay. The molecular mechanisms of cytotoxicity through cell cycle arrest and apoptosis were investigated by AO (acridine orange)/EtBr (ethidium bromide) stain and flow cytometry. PdNPs not only inhibit proliferation of A375 cells in a dose- and time-dependent model but also induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase (before 12 h) and S phase (after 24 h). The induction of oxidative stress in A375 cells treated with above concentration PdNPs for 24 and 48 h increased ROS level; on the other hand, glutathione level was declined. Apoptosis and DNA damage was significantly increased after treatment of PdNPs. Considering all results, PdNPs showed cytotoxicity and genotoxic effect in A375 cells.
本研究旨在探讨钯纳米粒子（PdNPs）对人皮肤恶性黑色素瘤（A375）细胞的影响，例如诱导细胞凋亡、细胞毒性和 DNA 损伤。皮肤暴露引起的疾病可能对人类健康产生重大影响。目前，仅有少量研究报道了 PdNPs 对 A375 的潜在毒性。通过四唑溴盐（MTT 法）和 NRU 法测定 PdNPs（0、5、10、20 和 40μg/ml）对 A375 细胞的细胞毒性。PdNPs 表现出浓度和时间依赖性的细胞毒性，较长的暴露时间导致 MTT 和 NRU 测定的细胞毒性更强。通过吖啶橙（AO）/溴化乙锭（EtBr）染色和流式细胞术研究了细胞周期停滞和细胞凋亡的分子机制。PdNPs 不仅以剂量和时间依赖的方式抑制 A375 细胞的增殖，还诱导细胞凋亡和 G2/M 期（12 小时前）和 S 期（24 小时后）的细胞周期停滞。在 24 和 48 小时内用上述浓度的 PdNPs 处理 A375 细胞会诱导氧化应激，增加 ROS 水平；另一方面，谷胱甘肽水平下降。PdNPs 处理后细胞凋亡和 DNA 损伤明显增加。考虑到所有结果，PdNPs 在 A375 细胞中表现出细胞毒性和遗传毒性作用。
