Górska Renata, Dembowska Elżbieta, Konopka Tomasz P, Wysokińska-Miszczuk Joanna, Pietruska Małgorzata, Ganowicz Ewa
Department of Periodontology and Oral Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland.
Department of Periodontology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
Adv Clin Exp Med. 2017 May-Jun;26(3):505-514. doi: 10.17219/acem/74652.
The current level of knowledge indicates a relationship between periodontitis and diabetes and/or cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Periodontitis can be not only a risk factor for these diseases, but also a condition modifying other primary risk factors associated with the occurrence of cardiovascular complications (lipid disorders, arterial hypertension, etc.) or diabetes.
The aim of the study was an analysis of the correlation between the state of periodontal tissues and selected risk factors for myocardial infarction (MI) in patients after recent myocardial infarction.
The study included 417 patients (92 women, 325 men) hospitalized due to recent MI. The inclusion criteria were MI history and age below 70 years. The state of periodontal tissues (plaque index, bleeding on probing, pocket depth and clinical attachment loss, CPI index) and selected risk factors for periodontitis and CVD were recorded.
An analysis of the results showed no statistically significant correlation between the depth, the number, percentage of periodontal pockets and the average clinical attachment level on one hand and BMI on the other hand. Whereas a statistically significant correlation was observed between tobacco smoking and the degree of severity of periodontal diseases measured by the average pocket depth, the number and percentage of pockets above 4 mm and the average clinical attachment loss, as well as between hypertension and the state of oral hygiene and between diabetes and the number of preserved teeth and the number of pockets above 4 mm.
The degree of severity of periodontal disease can impact hypertension and diabetes, which could potentially influence the occurrence and course of CVD.
目前的知识水平表明牙周炎与糖尿病和/或心血管疾病（CVD）之间存在关联。牙周炎不仅可能是这些疾病的一个风险因素，还可能是一种改变与心血管并发症（脂质紊乱、动脉高血压等）或糖尿病发生相关的其他主要风险因素的状况。
本研究的目的是分析近期心肌梗死后患者牙周组织状况与心肌梗死（MI）的选定风险因素之间的相关性。
本研究纳入了417例因近期心肌梗死住院的患者（92例女性，325例男性）。纳入标准为有心肌梗死病史且年龄在70岁以下。记录牙周组织状况（菌斑指数、探诊出血、牙周袋深度和临床附着丧失、社区牙周指数）以及牙周炎和心血管疾病的选定风险因素。
结果分析表明，一方面牙周袋深度、数量、百分比以及平均临床附着水平与另一方面的体重指数之间无统计学显著相关性。然而，观察到吸烟与以平均牙周袋深度、4mm以上牙周袋的数量和百分比以及平均临床附着丧失衡量的牙周疾病严重程度之间存在统计学显著相关性，高血压与口腔卫生状况之间以及糖尿病与留存牙数量和4mm以上牙周袋数量之间也存在统计学显著相关性。
牙周疾病的严重程度可能会影响高血压和糖尿病，这可能会潜在地影响心血管疾病的发生和病程。
