Torrungruang Kitti, Nisapakultorn Kanokwan, Sutdhibhisal Sanutm, Tamsailom Suphot, Rojanasomsith Kaesarin, Vanichjakvong Ornanong, Prapakamol Suvapa, Premsirinirund Thirapat, Pusiri Thitima, Jaratkulangkoon Orawan, Kusump Sakda, Rajatanavin Rajata
Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
J Periodontol. 2005 Apr;76(4):566-72. doi: 10.1902/jop.2005.76.4.566.
The aim of this study is to determine the effect of cigarette smoking on the severity of periodontitis in a cross-sectional study of older Thai adults.
The study population consisted of 1,960 subjects (age 50 to 73 years old). All subjects received both medical and dental examinations. Periodontal examinations, including plaque score, probing depth, and clinical attachment level, were done on all teeth present in two diagonal quadrants. Sociodemographic characteristics and smoking status were obtained by questionnaires. Multinomial logistic regression was used to address the association between cigarette consumption and mean clinical attachment level.
In this study population, 48.7% were non-smokers, 14.4% were current smokers, and 36.9% were former smokers. Current smokers had higher percentage of sites with plaque, deeper mean probing depth, and greater mean clinical attachment level than former smokers and non-smokers. The odds of having moderate and severe periodontitis for current smokers were 1.7 and 4.8 times greater than non-smokers, respectively. Former smokers were 1.8 times more likely than non-smokers to have severe periodontitis. Quitting smoking reduced the odds of having periodontitis. For light smokers (<15 packyear), the odds for severe periodontitis reverted to the level of non-smokers when they had quit smoking for > or =10 years. For moderate and heavy smokers (> or =15 packyear), the odds of having severe periodontitis did not differ from those of non-smokers when they had quit smoking for > or =20 years.
There was a strong association between cigarette smoking and the risk of periodontitis among older Thai adults. Quitting smoking appears to be beneficial to periodontal health.
本研究旨在通过对泰国老年成年人的横断面研究，确定吸烟对牙周炎严重程度的影响。
研究人群包括1960名受试者（年龄50至73岁）。所有受试者均接受了医学和牙科检查。对两个对角象限内所有现存牙齿进行了牙周检查，包括菌斑评分、探诊深度和临床附着水平。通过问卷调查获取社会人口学特征和吸烟状况。采用多项逻辑回归分析吸烟量与平均临床附着水平之间的关联。
在本研究人群中，48.7%为非吸烟者，14.4%为当前吸烟者，36.9%为既往吸烟者。当前吸烟者的菌斑部位百分比更高，平均探诊深度更深，平均临床附着水平高于既往吸烟者和非吸烟者。当前吸烟者患中度和重度牙周炎的几率分别是非吸烟者的1.7倍和4.8倍。既往吸烟者患重度牙周炎的可能性是非吸烟者的1.8倍。戒烟可降低患牙周炎的几率。对于轻度吸烟者（<15包年），戒烟≥10年后患重度牙周炎的几率恢复到非吸烟者的水平。对于中度和重度吸烟者（≥15包年），戒烟≥20年后患重度牙周炎的几率与非吸烟者无异。
泰国老年成年人中，吸烟与牙周炎风险之间存在密切关联。戒烟似乎对牙周健康有益。
