Brogårdh Christina, Lexell Jan, Hammarlund Catharina Sjödahl
Department of Health Sciences, Lund University , 221 00 Lund, Sweden.
J Rehabil Med. 2017 Aug 31;49(8):652-658. doi: 10.2340/16501977-2262.
To explore how persons with late effects of polio experience falls and what strategies they use to manage the consequences of falls.
A qualitative study with face-to-face interviews. Data were analysed by systematic text condensation.
Fourteen ambulatory persons (7 women; mean age 70 years) with late effects of polio.
Analysis resulted in one main theme, "Everyday life is a challenge to avoid the consequences of falls", and 3 categories with 7 subcategories. Participants perceived that falls were unpredictable and could occur anywhere. Even slightly uneven surfaces could cause a fall, and increased impairments following late effects of polio led to reduced movement control and an inability to adjust balance quickly. Physical injuries were described after the falls, as well as emotional and psychological reactions, such as embarrassment, frustration and fear of falling. Assistive devices, careful planning and strategic thinking were strategies to prevent falls, together with adaptation and social comparisons to mitigate the emotional reactions.
Experiences of falls greatly affect persons with late effects of polio in daily life. To reduce falls and fall-related consequences both problem-focused and emotion-focused strategies are used. In order to increase daily functioning, these findings should be included in a multifaceted falls management programme.
探讨小儿麻痹后遗症患者的跌倒经历以及他们用以应对跌倒后果的策略。
一项采用面对面访谈的定性研究。通过系统的文本浓缩对数据进行分析。
14名患有小儿麻痹后遗症的能行走的患者（7名女性；平均年龄70岁）。
分析得出一个主要主题，即“日常生活对于避免跌倒后果而言是一项挑战”，以及3个类别和7个子类别。参与者认为跌倒不可预测，可能在任何地方发生。即使是稍有不平的地面都可能导致跌倒，而小儿麻痹后遗症导致的功能障碍加剧会致使运动控制能力下降且无法迅速调整平衡。跌倒后描述了身体损伤以及诸如尴尬、沮丧和害怕跌倒等情绪和心理反应。辅助器具、精心规划和策略性思考是预防跌倒的策略，同时还有适应和社会比较以减轻情绪反应。
跌倒经历在很大程度上影响着患有小儿麻痹后遗症的患者的日常生活。为减少跌倒及与跌倒相关的后果，采用了以问题为导向和以情绪为导向的策略。为提高日常功能，这些研究结果应纳入多方面的跌倒管理方案中。
