Skolnik Kate, Huston Shaunna, Mody Christopher H
Division of Respirology, Department of Internal Medicine, Rockyview General Hospital, University of Calgary, Respirology Offices, 7007 14th Street Southwest, Calgary, Alberta T2V 1P9, Canada.
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Health Research Innovation Centre, University of Calgary, Room 4AA08, 3330 Hospital Drive Northwest, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada.
Clin Chest Med. 2017 Sep;38(3):451-464. doi: 10.1016/j.ccm.2017.04.007.
Cryptococcus is among the most common invasive fungal pathogens globally and is one of the leading causes of acquired immunodeficiency virus-related deaths. Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii are the most clinically relevant species and account for most cryptococcal disease. Pulmonary manifestations can range from mild symptoms to life-threatening infection. Treatment is tailored based on the severity of pulmonary infection, the presence of disseminated or central nervous system disease, and patient immune status. Amphotericin B and flucytosine followed by fluconazole remain the standard agents for the treatment of severe cryptococcal infection.
新型隐球菌是全球最常见的侵袭性真菌病原体之一，也是获得性免疫缺陷病毒相关死亡的主要原因之一。新生隐球菌和格特隐球菌是临床上最相关的菌种，也是大多数隐球菌病的病因。肺部表现可从轻微症状到危及生命的感染。治疗方案根据肺部感染的严重程度、是否存在播散性或中枢神经系统疾病以及患者的免疫状态进行调整。两性霉素B和氟胞嘧啶随后使用氟康唑仍然是治疗严重隐球菌感染的标准药物。
