State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 73 East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Annis Water Resources Institute, Grand Valley State University, 740 West Shoreline Drive, Muskegon, MI 49441, USA.
Environ Pollut. 2017 Dec;231(Pt 1):134-142. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.08.013. Epub 2017 Aug 8.
A 30-day indoor incubation experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different concentrations of microcystin (1, 10, 100 and 1000 μg eq. MC-LR L) on soil enzyme activity, soil respiration, physiological profiles, potential nitrification, and microbial abundance (total bacteria, total fungi, ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and archaea) in two lakeside soils in China (Soil A from the lakeside of Lake Poyanghu at Jiujiang; Soil B from the lakeside of Lake Taihu at Suzhou). Of the enzymes tested, only phenol oxidase activity was negatively affected by microcystin application. In contrast, dehydrogenase activity was stimulated in the 1000 μg treatment, and a stimulatory effect also occurred with soil respiration in contaminated soil. The metabolic profiles of the microbial communities indicated that overall carbon metabolic activity in the soils treated with high microcystin concentrations was inhibited, and high concentrations of microcystin also led to different patterns of potential carbon utilization. High microcystin concentrations (100, 1000 μg eq. MC-LR L in Soil A; 10, 100 1000 μg eq. MC-LR L in Soil B) significantly decreased soil potential nitrification rate. Furthermore, the decrease in soil potential nitrification rate was positively correlated with the decrease of the amoA gene abundance, which corresponds to the ammonia-oxidizing bacterial community. We conclude that application of microcystin-enriched irrigation water can significantly impact soil microbial community structure and function.
在中国两个湖滨土壤（九江湖滨鄱阳湖的土壤 A 和苏州湖滨太湖的土壤 B）中进行了 30 天室内培养实验，以研究不同浓度的微囊藻毒素（1、10、100 和 1000μg eq. MC-LR L）对土壤酶活性、土壤呼吸、生理特征、潜在硝化作用和微生物丰度（总细菌、总真菌、氨氧化细菌和古菌）的影响。在所测试的酶中，只有酚氧化酶活性受到微囊藻毒素应用的负面影响。相比之下，脱氢酶活性在 1000μg 处理中受到刺激，受污染土壤中的土壤呼吸也受到刺激。微生物群落的代谢特征表明，高浓度微囊藻毒素处理的土壤中总体碳代谢活性受到抑制，高浓度的微囊藻毒素也导致了潜在碳利用的不同模式。高浓度的微囊藻毒素（100、1000μg eq. MC-LR L 在土壤 A 中；10、100、1000μg eq. MC-LR L 在土壤 B 中）显著降低了土壤潜在硝化速率。此外，土壤潜在硝化速率的降低与 amoA 基因丰度的降低呈正相关，这与氨氧化细菌群落相对应。我们得出结论，富营养化灌溉水中的微囊藻毒素的应用会显著影响土壤微生物群落结构和功能。
