Katz Ruth
Department of Human Services, Center for Research and Study of Aging, Center for Research and Study of the Family, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Science, The University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.
Eur J Ageing. 2009 Apr 16;6(2):79-90. doi: 10.1007/s10433-009-0113-0. eCollection 2009 Jun.
This study addresses the links between different dimensions of intergenerational family relations (solidarity, conflict, and ambivalence) and subjective well-being (life satisfaction, and positive and negative affects) of older people (aged 75+) using a comparative perspective from a random urban sample in five countries (Norway, England, Germany, Spain, and Israel). Comparative descriptive analyses and multivariate models are presented. Three general conclusions can be drawn. First, the country variables contributed significantly to the explained variance for all three components of well-being, where Israel was most different from the other four countries, except for positive affects, for which Spain and Israel differed from Norway, England, and Germany. However, the countries explained more of the variance for positive and negative affects compared with life satisfaction. Second, the intergenerational family solidarity dimensions contributed significantly to the explained variance for all three components of well-being, although they were differentially related to the different aspects of subjective well-being. Third, personal resources, mainly physical functioning and financial adequacy, were related to all of the well-being variables, although their relative contribution was much stronger for life satisfaction. The importance of intergenerational family relations and personal resources for the subjective well-being of older people and the importance of using multiple measures for outcome variables of well-being are discussed.
本研究从五个国家（挪威、英国、德国、西班牙和以色列）的城市随机样本出发，采用比较视角，探讨了代际家庭关系的不同维度（团结、冲突和矛盾情绪）与老年人（75岁及以上）主观幸福感（生活满意度、积极情感和消极情感）之间的联系。文中呈现了比较描述性分析和多变量模型。可以得出三个总体结论。第一，国家变量对幸福感的所有三个组成部分的解释方差有显著贡献，其中以色列与其他四个国家差异最大，但积极情感方面除外，在积极情感上，西班牙和以色列与挪威、英国和德国存在差异。然而，与生活满意度相比，国家变量对积极情感和消极情感的方差解释更多。第二，代际家庭团结维度对幸福感的所有三个组成部分的解释方差有显著贡献，尽管它们与主观幸福感的不同方面的关联程度有所不同。第三，个人资源，主要是身体机能和经济充足性，与所有幸福感变量都有关系，尽管它们对生活满意度的相对贡献要强得多。文中讨论了代际家庭关系和个人资源对老年人主观幸福感的重要性，以及对幸福感结果变量采用多种测量方法的重要性。
