Kottwitz Maria U, Hünefeld Lena, Frank Benjamin P, Otto Kathleen
Faculty of Psychology, Work and Organizational Psychology, Philipps University of MarburgMarburg, Germany.
German Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and HealthDortmund, Germany.
Front Psychol. 2017 Jul 26;8:1274. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01274. eCollection 2017.
In recent decades, the working world has changed dramatically and rising demands on flexibility make the coordination of personal and professional life more difficult. Therefore, it is important that the incumbents are in possession of all necessary information concerning their job. This might be a key issue to remain satisfied. Simultaneously, atypical forms of employment have substantially increased in the labor market; one such form is holding more than one job. While the motives might differ from needing an additional income to broadening job opportunities, practicing several jobs requires coordination and thus, being informed. Building on research regarding organizational constraints and role ambiguity, we hypothesize that the paucity of information is negatively related to (dimensions of) job satisfaction. This effect should be stronger for multiple as compared to single jobbers; specifically when considering the job satisfaction with the social climate, given that being informed by others is an important factor in the coordination of several jobs. Data taken from the BiBB/BAuA-Employment-Survey provide a sample of 17,782 German employees (54% women), including 1,084 multiple jobbers (59% women). Job satisfaction was measured as employees global satisfaction and their satisfaction with facets dimensions: the social climate, structural working conditions, personal growth opportunities, and material incentives they receive for their work. Paucity of information was measured by the frequency of lacked information. Our study indicated that paucity of information was negatively related to both, global and all facets dimensions of job satisfaction. Multiple regression analyses further revealed interaction effects of paucity of information and form of employment. Specifically, the negative correlation of paucity of information with global as well as satisfaction with the social climate was stronger for employees' holding more than one job. These results were independent of age, gender, organizational tenure, working hours, socioeconomic occupational status, as well as important working conditions (workload and autonomy). Incumbents with less paucity of necessary job-related information are more satisfied, especially when they hold multiple jobs. Supervisors and colleagues are advised to provide all necessary information and to ensure that employees retain it.
近几十年来，工作领域发生了巨大变化，对灵活性的要求不断提高，使得个人生活与职业生活的协调变得更加困难。因此，在职人员掌握有关其工作的所有必要信息非常重要。这可能是保持满意度的一个关键问题。同时，非典型就业形式在劳动力市场上大幅增加；其中一种形式就是从事多份工作。虽然动机可能各不相同，从需要额外收入到拓宽工作机会，但从事多份工作需要协调，因此也需要信息。基于有关组织限制和角色模糊性的研究，我们假设信息匮乏与工作满意度（的维度）呈负相关。与从事单一工作的人相比，这种影响对从事多份工作的人应该更强；特别是在考虑对社会氛围的工作满意度时，因为从他人那里获取信息是协调多份工作的一个重要因素。取自德国联邦职业安全与健康研究所/德国联邦劳动保护与职业病防治研究所就业调查的数据提供了一个由17782名德国员工（54%为女性）组成的样本，其中包括1084名从事多份工作的人（59%为女性）。工作满意度通过员工的总体满意度以及他们对各个方面维度的满意度来衡量：社会氛围、结构性工作条件、个人成长机会以及他们因工作获得的物质激励。信息匮乏通过缺乏信息的频率来衡量。我们的研究表明，信息匮乏与工作满意度的总体维度和所有方面维度均呈负相关。多元回归分析进一步揭示了信息匮乏与就业形式的交互作用。具体而言，对于从事多份工作的员工，信息匮乏与总体满意度以及对社会氛围的满意度之间的负相关性更强。这些结果不受年龄、性别、组织任期、工作时长、社会经济职业地位以及重要工作条件（工作量和自主性）的影响。所需工作相关信息匮乏程度较低的在职人员更满意，尤其是当他们从事多份工作时。建议主管和同事提供所有必要信息，并确保员工能够保留这些信息。
