Developmental Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands.
Royal Dutch Auris Group, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
Assessment. 2020 Jan;27(1):194-205. doi: 10.1177/1073191117725169. Epub 2017 Aug 11.
No assessment tools are available to measure shame and guilt in children who are deaf or hard of hearing (DHH), while these self-conscious emotions might play a role in the frequently noted social and behavioral problems in this group. Therefore, the aim of this study was to validate the Brief Shame and Guilt Questionnaire (BSGQ) in DHH children. In addition, we examined associations of shame and guilt with social anxiety, self-esteem, delinquency, and psychopathic behaviors. A sum of 225 hearing ( = 11.62 years) and 108 DHH ( = 11.82 years) participants completed the self-report BSGQ. Multigroup confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the two-factor structure (i.e., shame and guilt) of the BSGQ in the DHH group. Measurement invariance was established across both groups. However, the DHH group reported lower levels of self-conscious emotions in comparison with the hearing group. The BSGQ showed good concurrent validity, where shame was associated with higher levels of social anxiety and lower levels of self-esteem, and guilt was associated with lower levels of delinquency and psychopathic behavior in both groups. Future research should investigate the potential behavioral consequences of lower reported levels of self-conscious emotions in DHH youth.
目前尚无评估工具可用于衡量耳聋或听力障碍（DHH）儿童的羞耻感和内疚感，而这些自我意识情绪可能在该群体中经常出现的社交和行为问题中发挥作用。因此，本研究旨在验证 DHH 儿童的简短羞耻和内疚问卷（BSGQ）。此外，我们还研究了羞耻感和内疚感与社交焦虑、自尊、犯罪行为和精神病态行为之间的关联。共有 225 名听力正常的（= 11.62 岁）和 108 名 DHH （= 11.82 岁）参与者完成了自我报告的 BSGQ。多群组验证性因子分析证实了 BSGQ 在 DHH 组中的两因素结构（即羞耻感和内疚感）。在两个组中均建立了测量不变性。然而，与听力组相比，DHH 组报告的自我意识情绪水平较低。BSGQ 具有良好的同时效度，在两个组中，羞耻感与较高的社交焦虑水平和较低的自尊水平相关，而内疚感与较低的犯罪行为和精神病态行为相关。未来的研究应该调查 DHH 青少年报告的自我意识情绪水平较低可能带来的潜在行为后果。
