Developmental Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Department of Human Media Interaction, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands.
Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol. 2021 Jul;49(7):891-904. doi: 10.1007/s10802-021-00769-1. Epub 2021 Feb 24.
This longitudinal study examined how shame and guilt contribute to the development of reactive and proactive aggression in adolescents with and without hearing loss. Adolescents between 9 and 16 years old (adolescents with hearing loss (n = 80; Mage = 11.91) and without hearing loss (n = 227; Mage = 11.63)) completed self-reports on three occasions with an interval of 9 months. Mixed model analyses revealed that both reactive aggression and proactive aggression decreased with age, whereas shame and guilt peaked in early adolescence. Adolescents with hearing loss reported higher levels of proactive aggression, lower levels of shame and guilt, and showed protracted development for guilt compared to their hearing peers. In both groups, shame contributed to an increase in reactive aggression, whereas guilt contributed to a decrease in proactive aggression. These longitudinal associations highlight the unique role that shame and guilt play in the development of adolescent aggression.
本纵向研究考察了羞耻感和内疚感如何促进有听力损失和无听力损失的青少年发展反应性和主动性攻击行为。9 至 16 岁的青少年（听力损失的青少年（n=80；平均年龄=11.91）和无听力损失的青少年（n=227；平均年龄=11.63））在 9 个月的间隔内完成了三次自我报告。混合模型分析表明，反应性攻击和主动性攻击都随年龄的增长而下降，而羞耻感和内疚感在青春期早期达到峰值。与听力正常的同龄人相比，听力损失的青少年报告的主动性攻击行为更高，羞耻感和内疚感更低，并且内疚感的发展更为缓慢。在这两个群体中，羞耻感导致反应性攻击行为增加，而内疚感导致主动性攻击行为减少。这些纵向关联突出了羞耻感和内疚感在青少年攻击行为发展中的独特作用。
