1 University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) USA.
J Atten Disord. 2019 Sep;23(11):1368-1378. doi: 10.1177/1087054717723983. Epub 2017 Aug 11.
Despite its association with increased severity and treatment resistance, relatively little is known about the correlates of early-onset childhood depression. ADHD and executive functioning (EF) are each related to depression. Given their covariation, we tested the independent association of ADHD dimensions (i.e., inattention, hyperactivity) and EF with childhood depression using structural equation modeling to identify potential targets for intervention. Participants were 225 five- to 10-year-old children (68% male) with ( = 117) and without ( = 108) ADHD. Youth completed laboratory assessments of EF, and parent, teacher, and youth reports of depression were gathered. With control of EF and anxiety, across informants, inattention, but not hyperactivity, was positively related to child depression. EF was positively associated with depression according to parent ratings only. We consider the association of inattention and EF with childhood depression, including implications for intervention and prevention from a developmental psychopathology framework.
尽管早期儿童抑郁症与病情加重和治疗抵抗有关，但人们对其相关因素知之甚少。多动症和执行功能（EF）都与抑郁症有关。鉴于它们的共变，我们使用结构方程模型测试了 ADHD 维度（即注意力不集中、多动）和 EF 与儿童抑郁症的独立关联，以确定潜在的干预靶点。参与者为 225 名 5 至 10 岁的儿童（68%为男性），其中有（n=117）和没有（n=108）多动症。青少年完成了 EF 的实验室评估，以及父母、教师和青少年的抑郁报告。在控制了 EF 和焦虑后，无论信息来源如何，注意力不集中而不是多动与儿童抑郁呈正相关。只有根据父母的评价，EF 才与抑郁呈正相关。我们从发展心理病理学的角度考虑了注意力不集中和 EF 与儿童抑郁症的关联，包括对干预和预防的影响。
