Gladfelter Patrick, Darwish Noureldien H E, Mousa Shaker A
aThe Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, New York, USA bDepartment of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
Melanoma Res. 2017 Oct;27(5):403-410. doi: 10.1097/CMR.0000000000000379.
The incidence of malignant melanoma is increasing rapidly on a global scale. Although some types of melanoma, for example primary cutaneous melanoma, can be managed by surgery, metastatic melanoma cannot and it has a high mortality rate. Both oncogene and immune-targeted strategies have shown marked efficacy in some patients, but their effect on overall survival is still variable. Therefore, newer therapeutic approaches are needed. Fortunately, new advances in molecular medicine have led to an understanding of an individual patient's cancer at the genomic level. This information is now being used in all stages of cancer treatment including diagnosis, treatment selection, and treatment monitoring. This new strategy of personalized medicine may lead to marked shifts in immunotherapeutic treatment approaches such as individualized cancer vaccines and adoptive transfer of genetically modified T cells. This review provides an overview of recent approaches in cancer research and expected impact on the future of treatment for metastatic melanoma.
在全球范围内，恶性黑色素瘤的发病率正在迅速上升。虽然某些类型的黑色素瘤，如原发性皮肤黑色素瘤，可以通过手术治疗，但转移性黑色素瘤却无法通过手术治疗，且死亡率很高。癌基因靶向治疗和免疫靶向治疗策略在一些患者中已显示出显著疗效，但其对总生存期的影响仍存在差异。因此，需要更新的治疗方法。幸运的是，分子医学的新进展使我们能够在基因组水平上了解个体患者的癌症情况。这些信息目前正被应用于癌症治疗的各个阶段，包括诊断、治疗选择和治疗监测。这种个性化医疗的新策略可能会导致免疫治疗方法发生显著转变，如个性化癌症疫苗和基因改造T细胞的过继转移。本综述概述了癌症研究的最新方法以及对转移性黑色素瘤未来治疗的预期影响。
