迈向无结核病的一代：美国大学生年龄段人群中的结核病及感染情况
Toward a generation free of tuberculosis: TB disease and infection in individuals of college age in the United States.
作者信息
Shah N S, Flood-Bryzman A, Jeffries C, Scott J
机构信息
a National Center for HIV/AIDS, Hepatitis, STD and TB Prevention, Division of TB Elimination, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta , Georgia , USA.
b Occidental College , Los Angeles , California , USA.
出版信息
J Am Coll Health. 2018 Jan;66(1):17-22. doi: 10.1080/07448481.2017.1363765. Epub 2017 Sep 15.
OBJECTIVES
To assess the magnitude of active TB disease and latent TB infection (LTBI) in young adults of college age.
PARTICIPANTS
Individuals who were aged 18-24 years in 2011 were used as a proxy for college students.
METHODS
Active TB cases reported to the 2011 US National TB Surveillance System (NTSS) were included. LTBI prevalence was calculated from the 2011-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The 2011 American Community Survey was used to calculate population denominators. Analyses were stratified by nativity.
RESULTS
Active TB disease incidence among persons aged 18-24 years was 2.82/100,000, 18.8/100,000 among foreign-born individuals and 0.9/100,000 among US-born individuals. In 2011, 878 TB cases were reported; 629 (71.6%) were foreign-born. LTBI prevalence among persons of 18-24 years was 2.5%: 8.7% and 1.3% among foreign-born and US-born, respectively.
CONCLUSION
Active screening and treatment programs for foreign-born young adults could identify TB cases earlier and provide an opportunity for prevention efforts.
目的
评估大学年龄段年轻人中活动性结核病和潜伏性结核感染（LTBI）的程度。
参与者
将2011年年龄在18 - 24岁的个体作为大学生的代表。
方法
纳入向2011年美国国家结核病监测系统（NTSS）报告的活动性结核病例。LTBI患病率根据2011 - 2012年国家健康和营养检查调查计算得出。2011年美国社区调查用于计算人口分母。分析按出生地分层。
结果
18 - 24岁人群中活动性结核病发病率为2.82/10万，在外国出生者中为18.8/10万，在美国出生者中为0.9/10万。2011年报告了878例结核病例；629例（71.6%）为外国出生。18 - 24岁人群中LTBI患病率为2.5%：在外国出生者和美国出生者中分别为8.7%和1.3%。
结论
针对外国出生的年轻成年人开展主动筛查和治疗项目可更早发现结核病例，并为预防工作提供机会。
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