Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, AB, Canada.
Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, AB, Canada.
J Alzheimers Dis. 2017;60(1):69-86. doi: 10.3233/JAD-170130.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk-reduction strategies (e.g., increasing physical activity, improving mobility) have garnered increasing attention in the literature. However, the effect of such modifiable factors on the preclinical trajectories of brain and cognitive health may be moderated by non-modifiable biomarkers associated with AD.
In a longitudinal sample of non-demented older adults, we examine the independent predictors everyday physical activity (EPA) and mobility on executive function (EF) performance and change. Next, we test whether these predictions are modified by interactions between age and AD genetic risk.
This accelerated longitudinal design included adults (n = 532, M age = 70.4, age range 53-95) from the Victoria Longitudinal Study. We tested the independent effects of EPA and Mobility (i.e., gait, balance), moderation by Apolipoprotein E (i.e., APOEɛ4+, ɛ4-) and age (young-old, middle-old, old-old), and interactions between APOE and age on performance and 9-year change in an EF latent variable.
First, higher levels of both EPA and Mobility were associated with better EF performance and less decline. Second, the interaction between age and APOE showed that low EPA and older age was associated with poorer EF performance and steeper EF decline for APOEɛ4 + carriers, and low mobility was associated with poorer EF performance and steeper EF decline for APOEɛ4 + carriers than the non-risk carriers.
In non-demented older adults, age moderated the effects of both EPA and Mobility on EF performance and change. However, this moderation occurs differentially across APOE4 status.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）风险降低策略（例如，增加身体活动、提高移动性）在文献中受到越来越多的关注。然而，这些可改变因素对脑和认知健康的临床前轨迹的影响可能会受到与 AD 相关的不可改变的生物标志物的调节。
在一个无痴呆的老年纵向样本中，我们研究了日常体力活动（EPA）和移动性对执行功能（EF）表现和变化的独立预测因素。接下来，我们测试这些预测是否受到年龄和 AD 遗传风险之间的相互作用的调节。
这项加速的纵向设计包括来自维多利亚纵向研究的成年人（n=532，M 年龄=70.4，年龄范围 53-95）。我们测试了 EPA 和移动性（即步态、平衡）的独立影响，以及 APOE（即 APOEɛ4+、ɛ4-）和年龄（年轻老年人、中年老年人、老年老年人）的调节作用，以及 APOE 和年龄之间的相互作用对 EF 潜在变量的表现和 9 年变化的影响。
首先，较高水平的 EPA 和移动性与更好的 EF 表现和较少的下降有关。其次，年龄与 APOE 的相互作用表明，对于 APOEɛ4+携带者，低 EPA 和较老的年龄与较差的 EF 表现和更陡峭的 EF 下降有关，而对于 APOEɛ4+携带者，低移动性与较差的 EF 表现和更陡峭的 EF 下降有关。
在无痴呆的老年人中，年龄调节了 EPA 和移动性对 EF 表现和变化的影响。然而，这种调节作用在 APOE4 状态上是不同的。
