State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, PR China.
Sci Rep. 2017 Aug 11;7(1):7966. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-08511-y.
Wetland restoration and creation efforts have been widely attempted as a way to compensate for wetland losses and to recover wetland functions; however, to date, there has been no comprehensive evaluation of the efficacy of soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) content recovery at a regional scale. This meta-analysis synthesizes 48 articles to identify the general patterns of soil C and N change after wetland restoration and creation in the United States. Our results indicate that, after 11-20 years, soil C and N in restored and created wetlands are still significantly lower by 51.7% and 50.3%, respectively, than those in natural wetlands. The soil C and N in restored wetlands recovered faster than in created wetlands. Furthermore, the soil C in restored organic flat and created depressional wetlands recovered more rapidly than in restored and created hydrologically open wetlands (riverine and tidal), respectively. Mean annual temperature and soil texture were recognized as two crucial abiotic factors affecting soil C and N recovery. Linear regression analysis revealed a positive relationship between the restoration and creation effect sizes on soil C and N, indicating that wetlands may alleviate N limitations intrinsically during C recovery processes.
湿地恢复和创建工作已广泛开展，作为弥补湿地损失和恢复湿地功能的一种方法；然而，迄今为止，还没有对区域尺度上土壤碳（C）和氮（N）含量恢复效果进行全面评估。本荟萃分析综合了 48 篇文章，以确定美国湿地恢复和创建后土壤 C 和 N 变化的一般模式。我们的结果表明，在 11-20 年后，恢复和创建湿地的土壤 C 和 N 仍然分别比自然湿地低 51.7%和 50.3%。恢复湿地的土壤 C 和 N 恢复速度快于创建湿地。此外，与恢复和创建水文开放湿地（河流和潮汐）相比，恢复有机平原和创建洼地湿地的土壤 C 恢复速度更快。年平均温度和土壤质地被认为是影响土壤 C 和 N 恢复的两个关键非生物因素。线性回归分析显示，土壤 C 和 N 的恢复和创建效果大小之间存在正相关关系，表明湿地在 C 恢复过程中可能内在缓解 N 限制。
