German Nutrition Society, Bonn, Germany.
Ann Nutr Metab. 2017;71(1-2):118-124. doi: 10.1159/000479705. Epub 2017 Aug 11.
The nutrition societies of Germany, Austria and Switzerland have revised the reference values for potassium intake in January 2017.
For adults, the estimated value was based on the 24-h urinary potassium excretion and on preventive considerations regarding hypertension and stroke. The estimated values for children and adolescents were extrapolated from the adult estimated value considering differences in body mass. For infants aged 0 to under 4 months, the estimated value was set based on the potassium intake via breast milk. From this reference value, the estimated value for infants aged 4 to under 12 months was also derived by extrapolation. The estimated value for lactating women takes into account the potassium loss via breast milk.
The estimated values for potassium intake are set at 400 mg/day for breastfed infants aged 0 to under 4 months, 600 mg/day for infants aged 4 to under 12 months, 1,100-4,000 mg/day for children and adolescents, 4,000 mg/day for adults and pregnant women and 4,400 mg/day for lactating women.
The consumption of potassium-rich foods should be generally increased. Supplemental intake beyond the estimated values has no health benefit and is therefore not recommended.
德国、奥地利和瑞士的营养学会于 2017 年 1 月修订了钾摄入的参考值。
对于成年人，估计值基于 24 小时尿钾排泄量，并考虑了高血压和中风的预防因素。儿童和青少年的估计值是从成人估计值中考虑到体重差异推断出来的。对于 0 至 4 个月大的婴儿，估计值是根据母乳喂养的钾摄入量设定的。从这个参考值中，也通过推断得出了 4 至 12 个月大婴儿的估计值。哺乳期妇女的估计值考虑到了通过母乳流失的钾。
对于 0 至 4 个月大的母乳喂养婴儿，钾摄入的估计值设定为 400mg/天，4 至 12 个月大的婴儿为 600mg/天，儿童和青少年为 1100-4000mg/天，成年人和孕妇为 4000mg/天，哺乳期妇女为 4400mg/天。
应普遍增加富含钾的食物的摄入。补充超过估计值的摄入量没有健康益处，因此不建议这样做。
