Adebamowo Sally N, Spiegelman Donna, Willett Walter C, Rexrode Kathryn M
From the Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (SNA and KMR); the Departments of Department of Nutrition (SNA, DS, and WCW), Biostatistics (DS), Epidemiology (DS and WCW), and Global Health and Population (DS), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; and the Channing Division of Network Medicine, Boston, MA (WCW).
Am J Clin Nutr. 2015 Jun;101(6):1269-77. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.114.100354. Epub 2015 May 6.
Prospective data on the relation of magnesium, potassium, and calcium intakes with stroke risk are inconsistent, and to our knowledge, the effect of a combined mineral diet score has not been examined.
We examined associations between intakes of magnesium, potassium, and calcium and risk of incident stroke in 86,149 women in the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) I and 94,715 women in the NHS II.
In this prospective cohort study, we calculated HRs of stroke by quintiles of intake for each mineral and for a combined diet score of all 3 minerals by using multivariate Cox proportional hazard models. In addition, we updated meta-analyses on dietary intakes of these minerals and risk of stroke.
During follow-up (30 y in the NHS I; 22 y in the NHS II) a total of 3780 incident stroke cases were documented. Pooled multivariate RRs of total stroke for women in the highest compared with the lowest quintiles were 0.87 (95% CI: 0.78, 0.97) for total magnesium, 0.89 (95% CI: 0.80, 0.99) for total potassium, and 0.97 (95% CI: 0.87, 1.09) for total calcium intake. Pooled RRs for women in the highest compared with the lowest quintiles of a combined mineral diet score were 0.72 (95% CI: 0.65, 0.81) for total stroke, 0.78 (95% CI: 0.66, 0.92) for ischemic stroke, and 0.80 (95% CI: 0.61, 1.04) for hemorrhagic stroke. In the updated meta-analyses of all prospective studies to date, the combined RR of total stroke was 0.87 (95% CI: 0.83, 0.92) for a 100-mg/d increase in magnesium intake, 0.91 (95% CI: 0.88, 0.94) for a 1000-mg/d increase in potassium intake, and 0.98 (95% CI: 0.94, 1.02) for a 300-mg/d increase in calcium intake.
A combined mineral diet score was inversely associated with risk of stroke. High intakes of magnesium and potassium but not calcium were also significantly associated with reduced risk of stroke in women.
关于镁、钾和钙的摄入量与中风风险之间关系的前瞻性数据并不一致，据我们所知，尚未研究综合矿物质饮食评分的影响。
我们在护士健康研究（NHS）I的86149名女性和NHS II的94715名女性中，研究了镁、钾和钙的摄入量与中风发病风险之间的关联。
在这项前瞻性队列研究中，我们使用多变量Cox比例风险模型，按每种矿物质摄入量的五分位数以及所有三种矿物质的综合饮食评分计算中风的风险比（HR）。此外，我们更新了关于这些矿物质的饮食摄入量与中风风险的荟萃分析。
在随访期间（NHS I为30年；NHS II为22年），共记录了3780例中风发病病例。最高五分位数与最低五分位数的女性相比，总镁摄入量导致的中风综合多变量相对风险（RR）为0.87（95%置信区间：0.78，0.97），总钾摄入量为0.89（95%置信区间：0.80，0.99），总钙摄入量为0.97（95%置信区间：0.87，1.09）。最高五分位数与最低五分位数的女性相比，综合矿物质饮食评分导致的中风RR为：总中风0.72（95%置信区间：0.65，0.81），缺血性中风0.78（95%置信区间：0.66，0.92），出血性中风0.80（95%置信区间：0.61，1.04）。在对所有前瞻性研究的最新荟萃分析中，镁摄入量每增加100mg/d，中风综合RR为0.87（95%置信区间：0.83，0.92）；钾摄入量每增加1000mg/d，中风综合RR为0.91（95%置信区间：0.88，0.94）；钙摄入量每增加300mg/d，中风综合RR为0.98（95%置信区间：0.94，1.02）。
综合矿物质饮食评分与中风风险呈负相关。高镁和高钾摄入量而非高钙摄入量也与女性中风风险降低显著相关。
