重新审视年龄前瞻性记忆悖论：计划与任务经验的作用。
Revisiting the age-prospective memory-paradox: the role of planning and task experience.
作者信息
Hering Alexandra, Cortez Sergio A, Kliegel Matthias, Altgassen Mareike
机构信息
Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Department of Psychology, Technische Universitaet Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
出版信息
Eur J Ageing. 2013 Jun 5;11(1):99-106. doi: 10.1007/s10433-013-0284-6. eCollection 2014 Mar.
The present study aimed at investigating age-related differences in prospective memory performance using a paradigm with high ecological validity and experimental control. Thirty old and 30 young adults completed the Dresden Breakfast task; a meal preparation task in the lab that comprises several subtasks including event- and time-based prospective memory tasks. Participants were required to plan how to perform the task. Results showed that young adults outperformed old adults: they completed more subtasks, showed better event- and time-based prospective memory performance and planning quality. In contrast, old adults adhered to their plans more closely than young adults. Further exploratory gender-specific analyses indicated that old women did not differ from young men in time-based prospective memory performance, general task performance and time monitoring in contrast to old men. Possibly, differences in experience in breakfast preparation might account for these differential findings.
本研究旨在使用具有高生态效度和实验控制的范式来调查前瞻性记忆表现的年龄差异。30名老年人和30名年轻人完成了德累斯顿早餐任务；这是一项在实验室进行的膳食准备任务，包括几个子任务，其中包括基于事件和基于时间的前瞻性记忆任务。参与者被要求规划如何执行任务。结果显示，年轻人的表现优于老年人：他们完成了更多的子任务，在基于事件和基于时间的前瞻性记忆表现以及规划质量方面表现更好。相比之下，老年人比年轻人更严格地遵循他们的计划。进一步的探索性性别特异性分析表明，与老年男性相比，老年女性在基于时间的前瞻性记忆表现、一般任务表现和时间监控方面与年轻男性没有差异。早餐准备经验的差异可能是这些不同结果的原因。
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