Kliegel Matthias, Jäger Theodor, Phillips Louise H
Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Psychol Aging. 2008 Mar;23(1):203-8. doi: 10.1037/0882-7974.23.1.203.
Studies of age differences in event-based prospective memory indicate wide variation in the magnitude of age effects. One explanation derived from the multiprocess framework proposes that age differences depend on whether the cue to carry out a prospective intention is focal to ongoing task processing. A meta-analysis of 117 effect sizes from 4,709 participants provided evidence for this view, as age effects were greater when the prospective cue to the ongoing task was nonfocal compared with when it was focal. However, the results only support a weaker but not a stronger prediction of the multiprocess framework, as age impairments were reliably above zero for both types of retrieval cues.
基于事件的前瞻性记忆的年龄差异研究表明，年龄效应的大小存在很大差异。从多进程框架得出的一种解释认为，年龄差异取决于执行前瞻性意图的线索是否是正在进行的任务处理的焦点。对来自4709名参与者的117个效应量进行的荟萃分析为这一观点提供了证据，因为与焦点线索相比，当正在进行的任务的前瞻性线索是非焦点时，年龄效应更大。然而，结果仅支持多进程框架的一个较弱而非较强的预测，因为两种类型的检索线索的年龄损伤都可靠地高于零。
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