Alfardus Huda, McIntyre Alan, Smith Stuart
Children's Brain Tumour Research Centre, Queen's Medical Centre, D22 Medical School, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.
Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:9157370. doi: 10.1155/2017/9157370. Epub 2017 Jul 19.
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive and common malignant brain tumour in adults. A well-known hallmark of GMB and many other tumours is aerobic glycolysis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of short nonprotein coding sequences that exert posttranscriptional controls on gene expression and represent critical regulators of aerobic glycolysis in GBM. In GBM, miRNAs regulate the expression of glycolytic genes directly and via the regulation of metabolism-associated tumour suppressors and oncogenic signalling pathways. This review aims to establish links between miRNAs expression levels, the expression of GBM glycolytic regulatory genes, and the malignant progression and prognosis of GBM. In this review, the involvement of 25 miRNAs in the regulation of glycolytic metabolism of GBM is discussed. Seven of these miRNAs have been shown to regulate glycolytic metabolism in other tumour types. Further eight miRNAs, which are differentially expressed in GBM, have also been reported to regulate glycolytic metabolism in other cancer types. Thus, these miRNAs could serve as potential glycolytic regulators in GBM but will require functional validation. As such, the characterisation of these molecular and metabolic signatures in GBM can facilitate a better understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of this disease.
胶质母细胞瘤（GBM）是成人中最具侵袭性且常见的恶性脑肿瘤。GBM以及许多其他肿瘤的一个众所周知的特征是有氧糖酵解。微小RNA（miRNA）是一类短的非蛋白质编码序列，可对基因表达进行转录后调控，并且是GBM中有氧糖酵解的关键调节因子。在GBM中，miRNA直接或通过调节与代谢相关的肿瘤抑制因子和致癌信号通路来调控糖酵解基因的表达。本综述旨在建立miRNA表达水平、GBM糖酵解调节基因的表达以及GBM的恶性进展和预后之间的联系。在本综述中，讨论了25种miRNA参与GBM糖酵解代谢调控的情况。其中7种miRNA已被证明可调节其他肿瘤类型的糖酵解代谢。另外8种在GBM中差异表达的miRNA，也已报道在其他癌症类型中调节糖酵解代谢。因此，这些miRNA可能是GBM潜在的糖酵解调节因子，但需要功能验证。同样，对GBM中这些分子和代谢特征的表征有助于更好地理解该疾病的分子发病机制。
