Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Australian Catholic University.
Collegium for Advanced Studies, University of Helsinki.
Dev Psychol. 2017 Oct;53(10):1978-1994. doi: 10.1037/dev0000364. Epub 2017 Aug 14.
To what extent does maternal and paternal autonomy support enhance well-being across the major transitions of high school? We tested the degree to which perceived autonomy supportive parenting facilitated positive changes in self-esteem and life satisfaction and buffered against negative changes in depressive symptoms and school related burnout in 3 Finnish longitudinal studies, each with a measurement point before and after a major transition (middle school, N1 = 760, 55.7% girls; high school, N2 = 214, 51.9% girls; post high school, N3 = 858, 47.8% girls). Results showed that perceived parental autonomy support was negatively related to depressive symptoms and positively related to self-esteem. The findings for the effects on depressive symptoms were replicated across all 3 transitions, while effects on self-esteem were only found for the high school and post high school transitions. Moreover, evidence of coregulation was found for depressive symptoms. Depressive symptoms before the transition were found to decrease autonomy support after the transition for both the high school and post high school transitions. Maternal and paternal autonomy support was of equal importance. Importantly, the effects on depressive symptoms increased as children developed, suggesting the continual importance of parents throughout high school and into emerging adulthood. (PsycINFO Database Record
父母自主性支持在多大程度上促进了高中主要转折点的幸福感？我们在三个芬兰纵向研究中检验了感知到的自主性支持型父母养育方式在多大程度上促进了自尊和生活满意度的积极变化，并缓冲了抑郁症状和与学校相关的倦怠的消极变化，每个研究都在主要转折点之前和之后进行了一次测量（初中，N1=760，55.7%为女生；高中，N2=214，51.9%为女生；高中后，N3=858，47.8%为女生）。结果表明，感知到的父母自主性支持与抑郁症状呈负相关，与自尊呈正相关。这些关于抑郁症状影响的发现在所有三个转折点上都得到了复制，而关于自尊的影响仅在高中和高中后转折点上发现。此外，还发现了核心调节的证据。在高中和高中后转折点上，发现转折点前的抑郁症状在转折点后会降低自主性支持。母亲和父亲的自主性支持同样重要。重要的是，随着孩子的成长，抑郁症状的影响也在增加，这表明父母在整个高中阶段和成年初期都具有持续的重要性。
