Mischley Laurie K
Bastyr University Research Institute, Kenmore, WA, United States.
Int Rev Neurobiol. 2017;134:1143-1161. doi: 10.1016/bs.irn.2017.04.013. Epub 2017 Jun 9.
To date, no guidelines exist for the screening, evaluation, and management of nutritional status in PD. Dozens of studies demonstrate an association between diet in adulthood with subsequent risk of developing PD. Individuals with PD are at increased risk of malnutrition due to the increased metabolic demands and disease pathophysiology. Risk of malnutrition is further complicated by anosmia, swallowing difficulties, constipation, and drug-nutrient interactions. An emerging body of evidence suggests that the intestinal tract is affected early in the disease, creating therapeutic opportunities for early intervention. Dietary modification and nutritional supplementation may improve symptoms of constipation, depression, insomnia, dystonia, and help prevent cognitive dysfunction. This review summarizes the state of the science related to nutrition and nonmotor symptoms of PD.
迄今为止，尚无针对帕金森病（PD）患者营养状况筛查、评估及管理的指南。数十项研究表明，成年期饮食与后续患帕金森病的风险之间存在关联。由于代谢需求增加和疾病病理生理机制，帕金森病患者发生营养不良的风险增加。嗅觉减退、吞咽困难、便秘以及药物 - 营养相互作用使营养不良风险进一步复杂化。越来越多的证据表明，肠道在疾病早期就受到影响，这为早期干预创造了治疗机会。饮食调整和营养补充可能改善便秘、抑郁、失眠、肌张力障碍等症状，并有助于预防认知功能障碍。本综述总结了与帕金森病营养及非运动症状相关的科学现状。
