Liang Gang, Pan Ligang, Liu Xinhui
Beijing Research Center for Agricultural Standards and Testing, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Beijing 100097, China.
Risk Assessment Lab for Agro-Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2017 Aug 14;14(8):914. doi: 10.3390/ijerph14080914.
Human hair of different age groups and foodstuff samples were collected in Beijing, China. The concerned metals-Cd, Cr, Pb, As, and Hg-were analyzed, and the metal levels in relation to age, gender, and dietary intake were further assessed. Results showed the highest level of the metals was shown by Pb, with an average concentration of 1.557 ± 0.779 mg/kg, followed by Cr (0.782 ± 0.394), Hg (0.284 ± 0.094), As (0.127 ± 0.078), and Cd (0.071 ± 0.032), following a decreasing order of Pb > Cr > Hg > As > Cd, which were all below the upper limit of normal values in China. The heavy metal concentrations varied greatly among different age groups, and higher concentrations for Cd, Cr, Pb, and As appeared in female hair, whereas higher Hg concentration were found in male hair, suggesting that age and gender were not crucial factors for assessing metal concentrations in human hair. The ingestion of cereals and vegetables were the main route by which heavy metals in the environment create hazardous health effects for local inhabitants, but the estimated metal intakes through food consumption were all lower than the proposed limit of Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake (PTWI), indicating that heavy metals posed no health risks for the inhabitants. Furthermore, little relationship was found between metal intakes and the corresponding metal levels in hair. Nevertheless, the results of this study can be used to analyze the internal heavy metal burden in the resident population of Beijing area and can also serve as reference for further studies.
在中国北京采集了不同年龄组的人发和食品样本。对所关注的金属——镉（Cd）、铬（Cr）、铅（Pb）、砷（As）和汞（Hg）进行了分析，并进一步评估了与年龄、性别和饮食摄入量相关的金属水平。结果显示，金属含量最高的是铅，平均浓度为1.557±0.779毫克/千克，其次是铬（0.782±0.394）、汞（0.284±0.094）、砷（0.127±0.078）和镉（0.071±0.032），顺序为Pb＞Cr＞Hg＞As＞Cd，均低于中国正常值上限。不同年龄组的重金属浓度差异很大，女性头发中的镉、铬、铅和砷浓度较高，而男性头发中的汞浓度较高，这表明年龄和性别并非评估人发中金属浓度的关键因素。谷物和蔬菜的摄入是环境中的重金属对当地居民产生有害健康影响的主要途径，但通过食物消费估计的金属摄入量均低于暂定每周耐受摄入量（PTWI）的建议限值，表明重金属对居民不构成健康风险。此外，金属摄入量与头发中相应金属水平之间几乎没有关系。尽管如此，本研究结果可用于分析北京地区常住人口体内的重金属负担，也可为进一步研究提供参考。
