Palmirotta Raffaele, Silvestris Erica, D'Oronzo Stella, Cardascia Angela, Silvestris Franco
Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy.
Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy.
Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2017 Sep;117:12-29. doi: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2017.06.007. Epub 2017 Jun 17.
Ovarian cancer is a very heterogeneous tumor which has been traditionally characterized according to the different histological subtypes and differentiation degree. In recent years, innovative molecular screening biotechnologies have allowed to identify further subtypes of this cancer based on gene expression profiles, mutational features, and epigenetic factors. These novel classification systems emphasizing the molecular signatures within the broad spectrum of ovarian cancer have not only allowed a more precise prognostic prediction, but also proper therapeutic strategies for specific subgroups of patients. The bulk of available scientific data and the high refinement of molecular classifications of ovarian cancers can today address the research towards innovative drugs with the adoption of targeted therapies tailored for single molecular profiles leading to a better prediction of therapeutic response. Here, we summarize the current state of knowledge on the molecular bases of ovarian cancer, from the description of its molecular subtypes derived from wide high-throughput analyses to the latest discoveries of the ovarian cancer stem cells. The latest personalized treatment options are also presented with recent advances in using PARP inhibitors, anti-angiogenic, anti-folate receptor and anti-cancer stem cells treatment approaches.
卵巢癌是一种异质性很强的肿瘤，传统上是根据不同的组织学亚型和分化程度来进行分类的。近年来，创新的分子筛查生物技术使人们能够基于基因表达谱、突变特征和表观遗传因素，进一步识别出这种癌症的其他亚型。这些强调卵巢癌广泛谱系内分子特征的新型分类系统，不仅能实现更精确的预后预测，还能为特定亚组患者制定合适的治疗策略。如今，大量现有的科学数据以及卵巢癌分子分类的高度精细化，能够通过采用针对单一分子特征的靶向疗法，推动创新药物的研究，从而更好地预测治疗反应。在此，我们总结了卵巢癌分子基础的当前知识状态，从通过广泛的高通量分析得出的分子亚型描述，到卵巢癌干细胞的最新发现。还介绍了最新的个性化治疗方案，以及使用聚（ADP-核糖）聚合酶（PARP）抑制剂、抗血管生成、抗叶酸受体和抗癌干细胞治疗方法的最新进展。
