成人年龄与每周日程计划活动（WCPA）表现中的文化差异。
Adult Age and Cultural Differences in Performance on the Weekly Calendar Planning Activity (WCPA).
作者信息
Toglia Joan, Lahav Orit, Ben Ari Eynat, Kizony Rachel
机构信息
Joan Toglia, PhD, OTR/L, FAOTA, is Dean, School of Health and Natural Sciences, Mercy College, Dobbs Ferry, NY;
Orit Lahav, PhD, OT, is Deputy Director, Occupational Therapy Department, Ono Academic College, Kiryat Ono, Israel.
出版信息
Am J Occup Ther. 2017 Sep/Oct;71(5):7105270010p1-7105270010p8. doi: 10.5014/ajot.2016.020073.
OBJECTIVE
We compared performance on a cognitively demanding task, the Weekly Calendar Planning Activity, of participants in three age groups and two countries (United States and Israel).
METHOD
A sample of 375 U.S. and 433 Israeli healthy adults participated. During the activity, participants were observed for speed, accuracy, strategy use, and efficiency.
RESULTS
Accuracy scores were similar in both countries; however, Israeli participants were slower and less efficient (p < .05). The younger and middle-aged Israeli groups were more strategic and the older Israeli group followed fewer rules than the corresponding U.S. groups (p < .05). Older participants in both countries were less accurate, efficient, and strategic than younger participants (p < .05).
CONCLUSION
Limited strategy use and poor time allocation may contribute to difficulty managing cognitively demanding activities for older adults and may also be influenced by culture. Practitioners should consider these factors when screening people for occupational performance difficulties.
目的
我们比较了三个年龄组以及两个国家（美国和以色列）的参与者在一项认知要求较高的任务——每周日程规划活动中的表现。
方法
375名美国和433名以色列健康成年人参与了此次抽样。在活动过程中，观察参与者的速度、准确性、策略运用和效率。
结果
两国参与者的准确性得分相似；然而，以色列参与者速度较慢且效率较低（p < 0.05）。与相应的美国组相比，以色列的年轻和中年组更具策略性，而以色列老年组遵循的规则更少（p < 0.05）。两国的老年参与者在准确性、效率和策略性方面均低于年轻参与者（p < 0.05）。
结论
策略运用有限和时间分配不佳可能导致老年人在管理认知要求较高的活动时出现困难，并且可能也受文化影响。从业者在筛查有职业表现困难的人群时应考虑这些因素。
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