Bolstad Geir H, Hindar Kjetil, Robertsen Grethe, Jonsson Bror, Sægrov Harald, Diserud Ola H, Fiske Peder, Jensen Arne J, Urdal Kurt, Næsje Tor F, Barlaup Bjørn T, Florø-Larsen Bjørn, Lo Håvard, Niemelä Eero, Karlsson Sten
Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), NO-7485 Trondheim, Norway.
Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), NO-0349 Oslo, Norway.
Nat Ecol Evol. 2017 Apr 10;1(5):124. doi: 10.1038/s41559-017-0124.
Interbreeding between domesticated and wild animals occurs in several species. This gene flow has long been anticipated to induce genetic changes in life-history traits of wild populations, thereby influencing population dynamics and viability. Here, we show that individuals with high levels of introgression (domesticated ancestry) have altered age and size at maturation in 62 wild Atlantic salmon Salmo salar populations, including seven ancestral populations to breeding lines of the domesticated salmon. This study documents widespread changes to life-history traits in wild animal populations following gene flow from selectively bred, domesticated conspecifics. The continued high abundance of escaped, domesticated Atlantic salmon thus threatens wild Atlantic salmon populations by inducing genetic changes in fitness-related traits. Our results represent key evidence and a timely warning concerning the potential ecological impacts of the globally increasing use of domesticated animals.
家养动物与野生动物之间的杂交在多个物种中都有发生。长期以来，人们一直预计这种基因交流会在野生种群的生活史特征上引发基因变化，进而影响种群动态和生存能力。在此，我们表明，在62个野生大西洋鲑种群中，具有高水平基因渗入（家养血统）的个体在成熟时的年龄和体型发生了改变，其中包括家养鲑鱼育种系的七个祖先种群。这项研究记录了在来自经过选择性培育的家养同种个体的基因流动之后，野生动物种群生活史特征的广泛变化。因此，持续大量逃逸的家养大西洋鲑通过在与适应性相关的特征上引发基因变化，对野生大西洋鲑种群构成了威胁。我们的研究结果为全球范围内家养动物使用量不断增加可能产生的生态影响提供了关键证据和及时警示。
