Stambulova Natalia B
School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad University, Box 823, 301 18, Halmstad, Sweden.
Curr Opin Psychol. 2017 Aug;16:62-66. doi: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2017.04.013. Epub 2017 Apr 19.
During the last decade, the field of athlete career research has seen much expansion. Researchers established the holistic lifespan and ecological approaches, introduced cultural praxis of athletes' careers paradigm, and updated the taxonomy of athletes' transitions. However, recent transition research focused mainly on the transition process and factors contributing to successful transitions, while crisis-transitions and factors contributing to ineffective coping have been largely ignored. The aim of this paper is to facilitate relevant research and practice through (1) positioning athletes' developmental crises within the context of the current transition literature, (2) introducing two new approaches (termed 'cognitive turn' and 'cultural turn') with a potential to enhance our understanding of the phenomenon, and (3) outlining crisis-coping interventions.
在过去十年中，运动员职业生涯研究领域得到了很大的拓展。研究人员建立了整体生命周期和生态方法，引入了运动员职业生涯范式的文化实践，并更新了运动员转型的分类法。然而，最近的转型研究主要集中在转型过程和促成成功转型的因素上，而危机转型以及导致应对无效的因素在很大程度上被忽视了。本文的目的是通过以下方式促进相关研究和实践：（1）将运动员的发展危机置于当前转型文献的背景下；（2）引入两种新方法（称为“认知转向”和“文化转向”），这有可能增强我们对这一现象的理解；（3）概述危机应对干预措施。
