State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather (LASW), Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics (LASG), Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China.
Sci Rep. 2017 Aug 16;7(1):8324. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-08767-4.
In this work, we studied the air-sea interaction over the tropical central eastern Pacific from a new perspective, climate network. The surface air temperatures over the tropical Pacific were constructed as a network, and the nodes within this network were linked if they have a similar temporal varying pattern. Using three different reanalysis datasets, we verified the percolation phase transition. That is, when the influences of El Niño/La Niña are strong enough to isolate more than 48% of the nodes, the network may abruptly be divided into many small pieces, indicating a change of the network state. This phenomenon was reproduced successfully by a coupled general circulation model, Flexible Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System Model Spectral Version 2, but another model, Flexible Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System Model Grid-point Version 2, failed. As both models have the same oceanic component, but are with different atmospheric components, the improperly used atmospheric component should be responsible for the missing of the percolation phase transition. Considering that this new phenomenon is only recently noticed, current state-of-the-art models may ignore this process and induce unrealistic simulations. Accordingly, percolation phase transition is proposed as a new test bed, which deserves more attention in the future.
在这项工作中，我们从一个新的视角，即气候网络，研究了热带中东部太平洋的海气相互作用。热带太平洋的地表气温被构建成一个网络，如果它们具有相似的时间变化模式，那么网络中的节点就会相互连接。我们使用了三个不同的再分析数据集，验证了渗流相变。也就是说，当厄尔尼诺/拉尼娜的影响足够强，足以隔离超过 48%的节点时，网络可能会突然分裂成许多小块，表明网络状态发生了变化。这一现象被耦合的通用环流模型——灵活的全球海洋-大气-陆地系统模型谱版本 2 成功重现，但另一个模型——灵活的全球海洋-大气-陆地系统模型格点版本 2 却未能重现。由于这两个模型都有相同的海洋部分，而大气部分不同，因此应该是大气部分使用不当导致了渗流相变的缺失。考虑到这一新现象是最近才被注意到的，当前的最先进模型可能忽略了这一过程，从而导致了不真实的模拟。因此，渗流相变被提出作为一个新的测试平台，值得未来更多关注。
