Nawab Athar, Nichols Alexandra, Klug Rebecca, Shapiro Joseph I, Sodhi Komal
Department of Medicine, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, USA.
Department of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Marshall University, USA.
J Clin Cell Immunol. 2017 Jun;8(3). doi: 10.4172/2155-9899.1000505. Epub 2017 May 17.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have gained attention with mounting evidence of their importance in cell signaling and various disease states. ROS is produced continuously as a natural by-product of normal oxygen metabolism. However, high levels ROS causes oxidative stress and damage to biomolecules. This results in loss of protein function, DNA cleavage, lipid peroxidation, or ultimately cell injury or death. Obesity has become a worldwide epidemic; studies show fat accumulation is associated with increased ROS and oxidative stress. Evidence exists supporting oxidative stress as a factor driving forward insulin resistance (IR), potentially resulting in diabetes. Na/K-ATPase signaling is also a potential source of ROS promoting oxidative stress. The best way to observe radical species in biological systems is electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy with spin trapping. EPR spin trapping is an important technique to study the mechanisms driving disease states attributed to ROS.
活性氧（ROS）因其在细胞信号传导和各种疾病状态中的重要性的证据不断增加而受到关注。ROS作为正常氧代谢的天然副产物持续产生。然而，高水平的ROS会导致氧化应激并对生物分子造成损害。这会导致蛋白质功能丧失、DNA断裂、脂质过氧化，或最终导致细胞损伤或死亡。肥胖已成为一种全球性流行病；研究表明，脂肪堆积与ROS增加和氧化应激有关。有证据支持氧化应激是推动胰岛素抵抗（IR）进而可能导致糖尿病的一个因素。钠钾ATP酶信号传导也是促进氧化应激的ROS的潜在来源。在生物系统中观察自由基的最佳方法是采用自旋捕集的电子顺磁共振光谱法。电子顺磁共振自旋捕集是研究由ROS引起的疾病状态的驱动机制的一项重要技术。
