Soto Sônia de Fátima, Melo Juliana Oliveira de, Marchesi Guilherme D'Aprile, Lopes Karen Lucasechi, Veras Mariana Matera, Oliveira Ivone Braga de, Souza Regiane Machado de, de Castro Isac, Furukawa Luzia Naôko Shinohara, Saldiva Paulo Hilário Nascimento, Heimann Joel C
Department of Internal Medicine / Nephrology / Laboratory of Renal Physiopathology, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Department of Pathology / Pathology / Laboratory of Experimental Air Pollution, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
PLoS One. 2017 Aug 18;12(8):e0183314. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183314. eCollection 2017.
Female Wistar rats were exposed to filtered air (F) or to concentrated fine particulate matter (P) for 15 days. After mating, the rats were divided into four groups and again exposed to F or P (FF, FP, PF, PP) beginning on day 6 of pregnancy. At embryonic day 19, the placenta was collected. The placental structure, the protein and gene expression of TGFβ1, VEGF-A, and its receptor Flk-1 and RAS were evaluated by indirect ELISA and quantitative real-time PCR.
Exposure to P decreased the placental mass, size, and surface area as well as the TGFβ1, VEGF-A and Flk-1 content. In the maternal portion of the placenta, angiotensin II (AngII) and its receptors AT1 (AT1R) and AT2 (AT2R) were decreased in the PF and PP groups. In the fetal portion of the placenta, AngII in the FP, PF and PP groups and AT2R in the PF and PP groups were decreased, but AT1R was increased in the FP group. VEGF-A gene expression was lower in the PP group than in the FF group.
Exposure to pollutants before and/or during pregnancy alters some characteristics of the placenta, indicating a possible impairment of trophoblast invasion and placental angiogenesis with possible consequences for the maternal-fetal interaction, such as a limitation of fetal nutrition and growth.
将雌性Wistar大鼠暴露于过滤空气（F）或浓缩细颗粒物（P）中15天。交配后，将大鼠分为四组，并在妊娠第6天开始再次暴露于F或P（FF、FP、PF、PP）。在胚胎第19天，收集胎盘。通过间接ELISA和定量实时PCR评估胎盘结构、TGFβ1、VEGF-A及其受体Flk-1和RAS的蛋白质和基因表达。
暴露于P会降低胎盘质量、大小和表面积以及TGFβ1、VEGF-A和Flk-1含量。在胎盘的母体部分，PF和PP组中的血管紧张素II（AngII）及其受体AT1（AT1R）和AT2（AT2R）减少。在胎盘的胎儿部分，FP、PF和PP组中的AngII以及PF和PP组中的AT2R减少，但FP组中的AT1R增加。PP组中VEGF-A基因表达低于FF组。
妊娠前和/或妊娠期间暴露于污染物会改变胎盘的一些特征，表明滋养层侵袭和胎盘血管生成可能受损，可能对母胎相互作用产生影响，如限制胎儿营养和生长。
