Zhang Kai-Cheng, Cao Yu-Dan, Yao Fang, Zhang Li, Ding An-Wei
Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2017 Jun;42(12):2291-2297. doi: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20170428.003.
The embryos of model organism zebrafish were used to evaluate the acute toxicity of the extracts of Euphorbiae Pekinensis Radix and vinegar-processing Euphorbiae Pekinensis Radix, and the total terpene content of each extract was determined by using euphol as the reference standards. Twenty-four h normally developed zebrafish embryos were chosen, and 8 concentrations were adopted for each extract. Then the growth and death of zebrafish embryos were observed at 96 h after administration, and median lethal concentrations (LC50) of the different samples on zebrafish embryos were calculated. The results showed that all of the extracts (before and after vinegar processing) had acute toxicity on zebrafish embryos. The toxicity of vinegar-processing Euphorbiae Pekinensis Radix was significantly lower than that of crude Euphorbiae Pekinensis Radix. Among different extraction methods, ethanol extract was more poisonous than water extract; in different polarity fractions, the toxicity was in the following order: petroleum ether>dichloromethane>ethyl acetate>n-butyl alcohol and remaining part. Combined with the results of the determination of terpene components, it can be concluded that the terpenoids are the main toxic components of Euphorbiae Pekinensis Radix, positively correlated with toxicity degree. It indicates that the zebrafish embryo model is appropriate for the toxicity evaluation of Euphorbiae Pekinensis Radix and provides appropriate research methods and theoretical basis for the further study of the toxic components and the mechanism of reducing toxicity.
以模式生物斑马鱼胚胎为实验对象，评价京大戟提取物及醋制京大戟提取物的急性毒性，并以大戟醇为对照品测定各提取物的总萜含量。选取正常发育24 h的斑马鱼胚胎，各提取物设置8个浓度组。给药96 h后观察斑马鱼胚胎的生长和死亡情况，计算不同样品对斑马鱼胚胎的半数致死浓度（LC50）。结果表明，所有提取物（醋制前后）对斑马鱼胚胎均有急性毒性，醋制京大戟的毒性显著低于生品京大戟。不同提取方法中，乙醇提取物毒性大于水提取物；不同极性部位中，毒性大小顺序为石油醚＞二氯甲烷＞乙酸乙酯＞正丁醇及剩余部位。结合萜类成分测定结果可知，萜类化合物是京大戟的主要毒性成分，且与毒性大小呈正相关。表明斑马鱼胚胎模型适用于京大戟的毒性评价，为进一步研究其毒性成分及减毒机制提供了合适的研究方法和理论依据。
