Colin Remy, Sourjik Victor
Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology and LOEWE Center for Synthetic Microbiology, Karl-von-Frisch-strasse 16, 35043 Marburg, Germany.
Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology and LOEWE Center for Synthetic Microbiology, Karl-von-Frisch-strasse 16, 35043 Marburg, Germany.
Curr Opin Microbiol. 2017 Oct;39:24-33. doi: 10.1016/j.mib.2017.07.004. Epub 2017 Aug 17.
The chemotaxis pathway of Escherichia coli is the most studied sensory system in prokaryotes. The highly conserved general architecture of this pathway consists of two modules which mediate signal transduction and adaptation. The signal transduction module detects and amplifies changes in environmental conditions and rapidly transmits these signals to control bacterial swimming behavior. The adaptation module gradually resets the activity and sensitivity of the first module after initial stimulation and thereby enables the temporal comparisons necessary for bacterial chemotaxis. Recent experimental and theoretical work has unraveled multiple quantitative features emerging from the interplay between these two modules. This has laid the groundwork for rationalization of these emerging properties in the context of the evolutionary optimization of the chemotactic behavior.
大肠杆菌的趋化作用途径是原核生物中研究最多的传感系统。该途径高度保守的总体架构由介导信号转导和适应的两个模块组成。信号转导模块检测并放大环境条件的变化，并迅速传递这些信号以控制细菌的游动行为。适应模块在初始刺激后逐渐重置第一个模块的活性和敏感性，从而实现细菌趋化作用所需的时间比较。最近的实验和理论研究揭示了这两个模块之间相互作用产生的多个定量特征。这为在趋化行为的进化优化背景下合理化这些新出现的特性奠定了基础。
