Oates Alison R, Hauck Laura, Moraes Renato, Sibley Kathryn M
College of Kinesiology, University of Saskatchewan, 87 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK, S7T 0E8, Canada.
Department of General Education, Mount Royal University, Canada.
Gait Posture. 2017 Oct;58:232-239. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2017.08.004. Epub 2017 Aug 9.
Walking is an important component of daily life requiring sensorimotor integration to be successful. Adding haptic input via light touch or anchors has been shown to improve standing balance; however, the effect of adding haptic input on walking is not clear. This scoping review systematically summarizes the current evidence regarding the addition of haptic input on walking in adults. Following an established protocol, relevant studies were identified using indexed data bases (Medline, EMBASE, PsychINFO, Google Scholar) and hand searches of published review articles on related topics. 644 references were identified and screened by a minimum of two independent researchers before data was extracted from 17 studies. A modified TREND tool was used to assess quality of the references which showed that the majority of studies were of moderate or high quality. Results show that adding haptic input changes walking behaviour. In particular, there is an immediate reduction in variability of gait step parameters and whole body stability, as well as a decrease in lower limb muscle activity. The effect of added haptic input on reflex modulation may depend on the limb of interest (i.e., upper or lower limb). Many studies did not clearly describe the amount and/or direction of haptic input applied. This information is needed to replicate and/or advance their results. More investigations into the use and design of the haptic tools, the attentional demands of adding haptic input, and clarity on short-term effects are needed. In addition, more is research needed to determine whether adding haptic input has significant, lasting benefits that may translate to fall prevention efforts.
行走是日常生活的重要组成部分，需要感觉运动整合才能成功。通过轻触或锚定添加触觉输入已被证明可以改善站立平衡；然而，添加触觉输入对行走的影响尚不清楚。本综述系统地总结了目前关于在成年人行走中添加触觉输入的证据。按照既定方案，使用索引数据库（Medline、EMBASE、PsychINFO、谷歌学术）以及对已发表的相关主题综述文章进行手工检索，以识别相关研究。在从17项研究中提取数据之前，由至少两名独立研究人员识别并筛选了644篇参考文献。使用改良的TREND工具评估参考文献的质量，结果表明大多数研究质量中等或较高。结果显示，添加触觉输入会改变行走行为。特别是，步态步幅参数和全身稳定性的变异性会立即降低，下肢肌肉活动也会减少。添加的触觉输入对反射调制的影响可能取决于所关注的肢体（即上肢或下肢）。许多研究没有清楚地描述所施加的触觉输入的量和/或方向。复制和/或推进他们的结果需要这些信息。需要对触觉工具的使用和设计、添加触觉输入的注意力需求以及短期效果的清晰度进行更多研究。此外，还需要更多研究来确定添加触觉输入是否具有显著的、持久的益处，这些益处可能转化为预防跌倒的努力。
