Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA.
Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA.
Nat Rev Genet. 2017 Nov;18(11):690-699. doi: 10.1038/nrg.2017.63. Epub 2017 Aug 21.
Taxonomic and functional changes to the composition of the gut microbiome have been implicated in multiple human diseases. Recent microbiome genome-wide association studies reveal that variants in many human genes involved in immunity and gut architecture are associated with an altered composition of the gut microbiome. Although many factors can affect the microbial organisms residing in the gut, a number of recent findings support the hypothesis that certain host genetic variants predispose an individual towards microbiome dysbiosis. This condition, in which the normal microbiome population structure is disturbed, is a key feature in disorders of metabolism and immunity.
肠道微生物组的分类和功能组成的变化与多种人类疾病有关。最近的微生物组全基因组关联研究表明，许多参与免疫和肠道结构的人类基因中的变异与肠道微生物组的组成改变有关。尽管许多因素会影响肠道中的微生物，但最近的许多发现支持了这样一种假设，即某些宿主遗传变异使个体容易出现微生物组失调。这种情况下，正常的微生物组群体结构被打乱，是代谢和免疫紊乱的一个关键特征。
