Optican Lance M, Pretegiani Elena
Laboratory of Sensorimotor Research, IRP, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.
Front Neurol. 2017 Aug 4;8:372. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2017.00372. eCollection 2017.
Eye and body oscillations are shared features of several neurological diseases, yet their pathophysiology remains unclear. Recently, we published a report on two tennis players with a novel presentation of eye and body oscillations following self-administration of performance-enhancing substances. Opsoclonus/flutter and limb tremor were diagnosed in both patients. Common causes of opsoclonus/flutter were excluded. High-resolution eye movement recordings from one patient showed novel spindle-shaped, asymmetric saccadic oscillations (at 3.6 Hz) and ocular tremor (40-60 Hz). Based on these findings, we proposed that the oscillations are the result of increased GABA receptor sensitivity in a circuit involving the cerebellum (vermis and fastigial nuclei), the inferior olives, and the brainstem saccade premotor neurons (excitatory and inhibitory burst neurons, and omnipause neurons). We present a mathematical model of the saccadic system, showing that the proposed dysfunction in the network can reproduce the types of saccadic oscillations seen in these patients.
眼球和身体震颤是几种神经系统疾病的共同特征，但其病理生理学仍不清楚。最近，我们发表了一份报告，讲述了两名网球运动员在自行服用提高成绩的物质后出现了眼球和身体震颤的新表现。两名患者均被诊断为眼阵挛/扑动和肢体震颤。排除了眼阵挛/扑动的常见病因。对其中一名患者进行的高分辨率眼球运动记录显示出新型的纺锤形、不对称扫视振荡（约3.6赫兹）和眼球震颤（约40 - 60赫兹）。基于这些发现，我们提出这些振荡是由于在一个涉及小脑（蚓部和顶核）、下橄榄核以及脑干扫视运动前神经元（兴奋性和抑制性爆发神经元以及全暂停神经元）的回路中GABA受体敏感性增加所致。我们提出了一个扫视系统的数学模型，表明所提出的网络功能障碍能够重现这些患者中观察到的扫视振荡类型。
