Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA.
Neuroendocrinology. 2012;96(2):141-51. doi: 10.1159/000339123. Epub 2012 Sep 14.
Anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) comprise a large and growing class of synthetic androgens used clinically to promote tissue-building in individuals suffering from genetic disorders, injuries, and diseases. Despite these beneficial therapeutic applications, the predominant use of AAS is illicit: these steroids are self-administered to promote athletic performance and body image. Hand in hand with the desired anabolic actions of the AAS are untoward effects on the brain and behavior. While the signaling routes by which the AAS impose both beneficial and harmful actions may be quite diverse, key endpoints are likely to include ligand-gated and voltage-dependent ion channels that govern the activity of electrically excitable tissues. Here, we review the known effects of AAS on molecular targets that play critical roles in controlling electrical activity, with a specific focus on the effects of AAS on neurotransmission mediated by GABA(A) receptors in the central nervous system.
合成代谢雄激素（AAS）包括一大类不断增长的合成雄激素，临床上用于促进患有遗传疾病、损伤和疾病的个体的组织生长。尽管这些治疗方法具有有益的应用，但 AAS 的主要用途是非法的：这些类固醇被自我管理用于促进运动表现和身体形象。与 AAS 的预期合成代谢作用相伴的是对大脑和行为的不良影响。虽然 AAS 施加有益和有害作用的信号途径可能非常多样化，但关键终点可能包括配体门控和电压依赖性离子通道，这些通道控制着电兴奋组织的活性。在这里，我们回顾了 AAS 对在控制电活动中起关键作用的分子靶点的已知影响，特别关注 AAS 对中枢神经系统中 GABA(A)受体介导的神经传递的影响。
