Caster Joseph M, Wang Andrew Z
Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, 52242, USA.
Ther Deliv. 2017 Aug;8(9):791-803. doi: 10.4155/tde-2017-0043.
Chemoradiotherapy (CRT) plays a key role in the curative treatment of many human cancers. The full utility of this paradigm is often restricted by limitations of conventional drug delivery. Nanotherapeutics have demonstrated great potential to overcome many of these issues. The potential benefits of nanotherapeutics in CRT include improved therapeutic efficacy, decreased toxicity, enhanced real-time in vivo tumor imaging, and the translation of novel small molecule drugs or nucleic acid therapies. Additionally, nanomedicines and radiation therapy exert distinct and complementary effects on the tumor microenvironment which can further enhance therapeutic efficacy compared with either modality alone. In this review, we highlight specific clinical and preclinical examples which demonstrate the potential benefits of nanotherapeutics in CRT.
放化疗（CRT）在多种人类癌症的根治性治疗中发挥着关键作用。这种治疗模式的充分应用常常受到传统药物递送局限性的制约。纳米疗法已展现出克服诸多此类问题的巨大潜力。纳米疗法在放化疗中的潜在益处包括提高治疗效果、降低毒性、增强体内肿瘤实时成像能力，以及新型小分子药物或核酸疗法的转化应用。此外，纳米药物与放射治疗对肿瘤微环境具有独特且互补的作用，与单一治疗方式相比，这可进一步提高治疗效果。在本综述中，我们重点介绍了一些具体的临床和临床前实例，这些实例证明了纳米疗法在放化疗中的潜在益处。
