Erfani Amir
professor, Department of Sociology, Nipissing University, North Bay, Ontario, Canada,
Int Perspect Sex Reprod Health. 2016 Jun 1;42(2):93-101. doi: 10.1363/42e1316.
Accurate, up-to-date information on abortion incidence is lacking for Iran, where abortion is illegal.
Data from 2,934 currently married women aged 15-49 who completed the 2009 Tehran Survey of Fertility (TSF) and 3,012 such women who completed the 2014 TSF were used to estimate levels of and trends in abortion and related measures. Analyses also examined characteristics of abortions, abortion recipients and providers, as well as trends in women's reasons for having an abortion.
Between 2009 and 2014, the proportion of married women who reported having ever had an abortion decreased from 8.3% to 5.6%. Declines also occurred in the general abortion rate (from 6.6 to 5.4 abortions per 1,000 women), the total abortion rate (from 0.18 to 0.17 abortions per married woman) and the annual number of abortions (from 10,656 to 8,734); however, the proportion of pregnancies that were terminated was stable (8.7-8.8%). The proportion of terminations obtained for nonmedical reasons rose from 68% to 81%. In 2014, abortion rates were elevated among women who were more educated, wealthier, employed, urban migrants or not highly religious, and among those who had no more than one child. The most commonly used providers were midwives (40%) and obstetricians (32%). Half of abortions resulted from withdrawal failure, but only one-fourth of withdrawal users switched to a modern contraceptive method after an abortion.
Some subgroups of women had an elevated risk of abortion and may benefit from measures that increase couples' effective use of contraceptives.
伊朗缺乏关于堕胎发生率的准确、最新信息，在该国堕胎是非法的。
来自2934名年龄在15 - 49岁之间、完成2009年德黑兰生育调查（TSF）的已婚妇女以及3012名完成2014年TSF的此类妇女的数据，被用于估计堕胎水平及趋势以及相关指标。分析还研究了堕胎的特征、堕胎者和提供者的特点，以及妇女堕胎原因的趋势。
2009年至2014年间，报告曾有过堕胎经历的已婚妇女比例从8.3%降至5.6%。一般堕胎率（从每1000名妇女6.6例降至5.4例）、总堕胎率（从每名已婚妇女0.18例降至0.17例）和年度堕胎数（从10656例降至8734例）也有所下降；然而，终止妊娠的比例保持稳定（8.7% - 8.8%）。非医疗原因导致的堕胎比例从68%升至81%。2014年，在受教育程度较高、较富裕、有工作、城市移民或宗教信仰不强烈以及子女不超过一个的妇女中，堕胎率较高。最常用的堕胎提供者是助产士（40%）和产科医生（32%）。一半的堕胎是由于避孕失败，但只有四分之一的避孕失败使用者在堕胎后改用现代避孕方法。
一些女性亚群体堕胎风险较高，可能会从提高夫妻有效使用避孕药具的措施中受益。
