University of York, UK.
Curr Opin Psychol. 2018 Apr;20:17-20. doi: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2017.08.005. Epub 2017 Aug 8.
Young children can be extremely prosocial-willing to help and share with others and comfort them in distress. However, the origins of social problems like prejudice and discrimination also appear early in development. In this paper, I discuss research investigating how group membership affects children's tendency to be prosocial. Existing research on this topic has focused primarily on sharing behaviour and shown that, in general, children allocate more resources to members of their own groups. After reviewing this important literature, I make the case for extending research with young children to other forms of prosociality. This has the potential to inform our understanding of the mechanisms behind ingroup favouritism in prosociality and help us understand routes towards interventions to encourage more egalitarian behaviour.
幼儿非常乐于助人，愿意与他人分享并在他人痛苦时安慰他们。然而，像偏见和歧视这样的社会问题的根源也在发展早期出现。在本文中，我讨论了研究如何影响群体归属对儿童亲社会倾向的影响。关于这个主题的现有研究主要集中在分享行为上，并表明，一般来说，儿童会将更多的资源分配给自己群体的成员。在回顾了这一重要文献之后，我提出了将研究扩展到其他形式的亲社会行为的理由。这有可能使我们深入了解群体内偏爱亲社会行为背后的机制，并帮助我们找到鼓励更平等行为的干预途径。
