Pediatrics. 2017 Sep;140(3). doi: 10.1542/peds.2017-1871. Epub 2017 Aug 21.
Children and adolescents may participate in sports that favor a particular body type. Some sports, such as gymnastics, dance, and distance running, emphasize a slim or lean physique for aesthetic or performance reasons. Participants in weight-class sports, such as wrestling and martial arts, may attempt weight loss so they can compete at a lower weight class. Other sports, such as football and bodybuilding, highlight a muscular physique; young athletes engaged in these sports may desire to gain weight and muscle mass. This clinical report describes unhealthy methods of weight loss and gain as well as policies and approaches used to curb these practices. The report also reviews healthy strategies for weight loss and weight gain and provides recommendations for pediatricians on how to promote healthy weight control in young athletes.
儿童和青少年可能会参加适合特定体型的运动。一些运动，如体操、舞蹈和长跑，出于审美或表现的原因，强调苗条或精瘦的身材。参加体重级别运动的参与者，如摔跤和武术，可能会试图减肥，以便可以在较低的体重级别比赛。其他运动，如足球和健美，突出肌肉发达的体格；从事这些运动的年轻运动员可能希望增加体重和肌肉质量。本临床报告描述了不健康的减肥和增重方法，以及用于遏制这些做法的政策和方法。该报告还回顾了健康的减肥和增重策略，并为儿科医生提供了如何促进年轻运动员健康体重控制的建议。
