Harrelson A, McEwen B
Brain Res. 1987 Feb 24;404(1-2):89-94. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(87)91358-8.
We have investigated the influences of gonadal and adrenal hormones on neurotransmitter-stimulated cyclic adenosine 3',5'-phosphate (cAMP) formation in hippocampal slices from male and female rats. We found that castration of male rats specifically decreases histamine-stimulated cAMP accumulation, as does administration of estradiol plus progesterone to ovariectomized female rats. In ovariectomized females, activation of cAMP accumulation by isoproterenol was also reduced by estradiol plus progesterone treatment. Although neither of these endocrine manipulations significantly affected stimulation of cAMP accumulation by vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), regulation of VIP-stimulated cAMP generation by glucocorticoids was found in female rats. However, the direction of the effect of the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone in females was opposite to its previously demonstrated action in males. These results suggest that gonadal and other steroids may specifically modulate the responsiveness of components of the adenylate cyclase system to certain neurotransmitters, and that such regulation may differ between the sexes and may occur in telencephalic brain regions such as the hippocampus.
我们研究了性腺激素和肾上腺激素对雄性和雌性大鼠海马切片中神经递质刺激的环磷酸腺苷（cAMP）生成的影响。我们发现，雄性大鼠去势会特异性降低组胺刺激的cAMP积累，给去卵巢的雌性大鼠注射雌二醇加孕酮也会有同样的效果。在去卵巢的雌性大鼠中，雌二醇加孕酮处理也会降低异丙肾上腺素对cAMP积累的激活作用。虽然这些内分泌操作均未显著影响血管活性肠肽（VIP）对cAMP积累的刺激，但在雌性大鼠中发现了糖皮质激素对VIP刺激的cAMP生成的调节作用。然而，合成糖皮质激素地塞米松对雌性大鼠的作用方向与其先前在雄性大鼠中所显示的作用相反。这些结果表明，性腺类固醇和其他类固醇可能特异性调节腺苷酸环化酶系统各组分对某些神经递质的反应性，而且这种调节可能存在性别差异，并且可能发生在端脑脑区，如海马体。
