Strong Ellen E, Galindo Lee Ann, Kantor Yuri I
Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC, USA.
Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité, ISYEB, UMR7205 (CNRS, EPHE, MNHN, UPMC), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, France.
PeerJ. 2017 Aug 11;5:e3638. doi: 10.7717/peerj.3638. eCollection 2017.
The genus from SE Asia is from one of only two unrelated families among the megadiverse predatory marine Neogastropoda to have successfully conquered continental waters. While little is known about their anatomy, life history and ecology, interest has grown exponentially in recent years owing to their increasing popularity as aquarium pets. However, the systematic affinities of the genus and the validity of the included species have not been robustly explored. Differences in shell, operculum and radula characters support separation of as presently defined into two distinct genera: , for the type species and its allies, and for and allies. A five-gene mitochondrial (COI, 16S, 12S) and nuclear (H3, 28S) gene dataset confirms the placement of as a somewhat isolated offshoot of the family Nassariidae and sister to the estuarine . Anatomical data corroborate this grouping and, in conjunction with their phylogenetic placement, support their recognition as a new subfamily, the Anentominae. The assassin snail , a popular import through the aquarium trade so named for their voracious appetite for other snails, is found to comprise a complex of at least four species. None of these likely represents true described from Java, including a specimen purchased through the aquarium trade under this name in the US and one that was recently found introduced in Singapore, both of which were supported as conspecific with a species from Thailand. The introduction of "" through the aquarium trade constitutes a significant threat to native aquatic snail faunas which are often already highly imperiled. Comprehensive systematic revision of this previously unrecognized species complex is urgently needed to facilitate communication and manage this emerging threat.
来自东南亚的该属物种是巨型多样的捕食性海洋新腹足目中仅有的两个无亲缘关系的科之一，它们成功地征服了陆地水域。虽然对它们的解剖结构、生活史和生态学知之甚少，但近年来，由于它们作为水族宠物越来越受欢迎，人们对它们的兴趣呈指数级增长。然而，该属的系统亲缘关系以及所包含物种的有效性尚未得到充分探索。壳、厣和齿舌特征的差异支持将目前定义的该属分为两个不同的属：一个是模式种及其盟友的属，另一个是该属及其盟友的属。一个包含五个基因的线粒体（COI、16S、12S）和核基因（H3、28S）数据集证实，该属是织纹螺科的一个相对孤立的分支，是河口织纹螺属的姐妹属。解剖学数据证实了这一分类，结合它们的系统发育位置，支持将它们识别为一个新的亚科，即无触角亚科。刺客螺，一种通过水族贸易很受欢迎的进口物种，因其对其他蜗牛的贪婪食欲而得名，被发现至少由四个物种组成。这些物种中没有一个可能代表从爪哇描述的真正的该属物种，包括在美国通过水族贸易以这个名字购买的一个标本，以及最近在新加坡发现的一个引进物种，这两个标本都被认为与来自泰国的一个物种是同种。通过水族贸易引入“该物种”对当地水生蜗牛动物群构成了重大威胁，而这些动物群往往已经处于高度濒危状态。迫切需要对这个以前未被认识的物种复合体进行全面的系统修订，以促进交流并管理这一新兴威胁。
