Maier Jonathan G, Piosczyk Hannah, Holz Johannes, Landmann Nina, Deschler Christoph, Frase Lukas, Kuhn Marion, Klöppel Stefan, Spiegelhalder Kai, Sterr Annette, Riemann Dieter, Feige Bernd, Voderholzer Ulrich, Nissen Christoph
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; University Hospital of Old Age Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Switzerland.
Neurobiol Learn Mem. 2017 Nov;145:18-27. doi: 10.1016/j.nlm.2017.08.006. Epub 2017 Aug 19.
Sleep modulates motor learning, but its detailed impact on performance curves remains to be fully characterized. This study aimed to further determine the impact of brief daytime periods of NREM sleep on 'offline' (task discontinuation after initial training) and 'on-task' (performance within the test session) changes in motor skill performance (finger tapping task). In a mixed design (combined parallel group and repeated measures) sleep laboratory study (n=17 'active' wake vs. sleep, n=19 'passive' wake vs. sleep), performance curves were assessed prior to and after a 90min period containing either sleep, active or passive wakefulness. We observed a highly significant, but state- (that is, sleep/wake)-independent early offline gain and improved on-task performance after sleep in comparison to wakefulness. Exploratory curve fitting suggested that the observed sleep effect most likely emerged from an interaction of training-induced improvement and detrimental 'time-on-task' processes, such as fatigue. Our results indicate that brief periods of NREM sleep do not promote early offline gains but subsequent on-task performance in motor skill learning.
睡眠会调节运动学习，但其对表现曲线的具体影响仍有待全面阐明。本研究旨在进一步确定白天短时间非快速眼动睡眠对运动技能表现（手指敲击任务）的“离线”（初始训练后任务中断）和“在线”（测试期间的表现）变化的影响。在一项混合设计（平行组与重复测量相结合）的睡眠实验室研究中（17名“主动”清醒与睡眠组，19名“被动”清醒与睡眠组），在包含睡眠、主动或被动清醒的90分钟时间段前后评估表现曲线。我们观察到，与清醒相比，睡眠后出现了高度显著但与状态（即睡眠/清醒）无关的早期离线增益和在线表现改善。探索性曲线拟合表明，观察到的睡眠效应很可能源于训练诱导的改善与诸如疲劳等有害的“任务持续时间”过程之间的相互作用。我们的结果表明，短时间的非快速眼动睡眠并不会促进运动技能学习中的早期离线增益，但会促进随后的在线表现。
