Dementia and antipsychotic drugs.

Introduced in the 1950s, antipsychotic agents have been found to improve symptomatology and function in young and middle-aged psychotic schizophrenics. Three decades of research, however, have not made clear these agents' usefulness in demented elderly patients. A review of placebo-controlled studies suggests a definite but limited role for antipsychotic medication in behaviorally disturbed elderly dementia patients with agitated behavior. Studies also suggest that cognitive function needs careful monitoring when these drugs are prescribed to treat behavioral symptoms of dementia.