Queensland Institute of Medical Research.
University of New England.
Child Dev. 2019 Mar;90(2):623-637. doi: 10.1111/cdev.12920. Epub 2017 Aug 18.
Socioeconomic status (SES) has been found to moderate the influence of genes and the environment on cognitive ability, such that genetic influence is greater when SES is higher, and the shared environment is greater when SES is lower, but not in all Western countries. The effects of both family and school SES on the heritability of literacy and numeracy in Australian twins aged 8, 10, 12, and 14 years with 1,307, 1,235, 1,076, and 930 pairs at each age, respectively, were tested. Shared environmental influences on Grade 3 literacy were greater with low family SES, and no other moderating effects of SES were significant. These findings are contrasted with results from the United States and the United Kingdom.
社会经济地位（SES）被发现可以调节基因和环境对认知能力的影响，例如，当 SES 较高时，遗传影响更大，当 SES 较低时，共享环境的影响更大，但并非在所有西方国家都是如此。本研究测试了家庭和学校 SES 对澳大利亚 8 岁、10 岁、12 岁和 14 岁双胞胎读写和数学能力遗传度的影响，每个年龄的读写和数学能力分别有 1307、1235、1076 和 930 对双胞胎。研究发现，家庭 SES 较低时，共享环境对三年级读写能力的影响更大，SES 没有其他调节作用。这些发现与来自美国和英国的结果形成对比。
