Majdi Soodabeh, Najafinobar Neda, Dunevall Johan, Lovric Jelena, Ewing Andrew G
Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Kemivägen 10, 41296, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Kemivägen 10, 41296, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Chembiochem. 2017 Oct 5;18(19):1898-1902. doi: 10.1002/cbic.201700410. Epub 2017 Aug 21.
Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is frequently used as a solvent in biological studies and as a vehicle for drug therapy; but the side effects of DMSO, especially on the cell environment, are not well understood, and controls with DMSO are not neutral at higher concentrations. Herein, electrochemical measurement techniques are applied to show that DMSO increases exocytotic neurotransmitter release, while leaving vesicular contents unchanged. In addition, the kinetics of release from DMSO-treated cells are faster than that of untreated ones. The results suggest that DMSO has a significant influence on the chemistry of the cell membrane, leading to alteration of exocytosis. A speculative chemical mechanism of the effect on the fusion pore during exocytosis is presented.
二甲基亚砜（DMSO）在生物学研究中经常用作溶剂，也是药物治疗的载体；但DMSO的副作用，尤其是对细胞环境的副作用，尚未得到充分了解，且在较高浓度下，以DMSO作为对照并非中性。在此，应用电化学测量技术表明，DMSO会增加胞吐性神经递质的释放，同时囊泡内容物保持不变。此外，经DMSO处理的细胞的释放动力学比未处理的细胞更快。结果表明，DMSO对细胞膜化学性质有显著影响，导致胞吐作用发生改变。本文提出了一种关于其在胞吐过程中对融合孔影响的推测性化学机制。
