Kobayashi Yuki, Matsushita Soyogu, Morikawa Kazunori
School of Human Sciences, Osaka University, Japan.
Faculty of Liberal Arts, Osaka Shoin Women's University, Japan.
Iperception. 2017 Jul 11;8(4):2041669517717500. doi: 10.1177/2041669517717500. eCollection 2017 Jul-Aug.
Whereas geometric illusions in human faces have been reported by several studies, illusions of color or lightness in faces have seldom been explored. Here, we psychophysically investigated whether lip color influences facial skin's perceived lightness. Results of Experiment 1 demonstrated that redder lips lightened and darker lips darkened the perceived complexion. These lightness or darkness inducing effects differ from the classical illusion of lightness contrast in nonface objects for two reasons. First, illusory effects are more assimilative than contrastive. Second, the inducing area (i.e., lips) is much smaller than the influenced area (facial skin). Experiment 2 showed that the assimilative lightness induction was caused by holistic processing of faces. This is the first study to scientifically substantiate the claim of cosmetics manufacturers and makeup artists that lip colors can alter perceived facial skin color. Implications for face perception, lightness illusion, and perceptual effects of cosmetics are discussed.
尽管多项研究报告了人类面部的几何错觉，但对面部颜色或明度的错觉却很少被探讨。在此，我们通过心理物理学方法研究了嘴唇颜色是否会影响对面部皮肤明度的感知。实验1的结果表明，嘴唇越红，对面部肤色的感知越亮；嘴唇越暗，对面部肤色的感知越暗。这些明度诱导或暗度诱导效应与非面部物体中经典的明度对比错觉不同，原因有两个。第一，错觉效应更多是同化性的而非对比性的。第二，诱导区域（即嘴唇）比受影响区域（面部皮肤）小得多。实验2表明，同化性明度诱导是由对面部的整体加工引起的。这是第一项科学证实化妆品制造商和化妆师所声称的嘴唇颜色可以改变对面部皮肤颜色感知的研究。文中还讨论了对面部感知、明度错觉以及化妆品感知效果的影响。
